Outcomes in moderate mixed aortic valve disease: Is it time for a paradigm shift?

Alexander C. Egbe, Sushil A. Luis, Ratnasari Padang, Carole A. Warnes

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

32 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background A direct comparison of outcomes between moderate mixed aortic valve disease (MAVD) and isolated aortic stenosis (AS) or aortic regurgitation (AR) has not been performed, making evidence-based recommendations difficult in patients with MAVD. Objectives This study sought to determine adverse event (AE) occurrence (the primary endpoint), defined as New York Heart Association functional class III/IV symptoms, aortic valve replacement, or cardiac death, and to compare AE rates between MAVD and isolated AS or AR. Methods Asymptomatic patients were identified with moderate MAVD and an ejection fraction ≥50% and were followed at Mayo Clinic from 1994 to 2013. Moderate MAVD was defined as a combination of moderate AS and moderate AR. Age- and sex-matched control groups were selected with isolated moderate AR (n = 117), moderate AS (n = 117), or severe AS (n = 117). Results At 9.1 ± 4.2 years of follow-up, patients with moderate MAVD (n = 251) had a mean age of 63 ± 11 years, 73% were male, and 38% had bicuspid valve. AE occurred in 193 (77%) patients in this group, including symptom development (69%), aortic valve replacement (67%), and cardiac death (4%). Predictors of AE were older age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.71 per decade; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38 to 1.97 per decade; p = 0.001), and relative wall thickness >0.42 (HR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.86 to 2.33; p = 0.002). AE rates were similar in the MAVD and severe AS group (71% vs. 68% at 5 years; p = 0.49), but were significantly higher compared with the moderate AS and AR groups. Conclusions MAVD patients had outcomes comparable to those with severe AS, and preserved ejection fraction and should be monitored closely for symptoms.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2321-2329
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of the American College of Cardiology
Volume67
Issue number20
DOIs
StatePublished - May 24 2016

Keywords

  • adverse events
  • aortic regurgitation
  • aortic stenosis
  • aortic valve replacement

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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