Oculocerebral dysgenesis in the linear nevus sebaceous syndrome

Purpose: The authors document the association of peripapillary staphyloma and an atypical variant of hemimegalencephaly with the linear nevus sebaceous syndrome. Background: Linear nevus sebaceous syndrome is an uncommon neurocutaneous disorder that has a propensity to involve the eyes. Methods: Clinical, histopathologic, and neuroimaging findings are examined in a child with linear nevus sebaceous syndrome. Results: In addition to bilateral peripapillary staphylomas, ophthalmologic abnormalities included a corneal dermoid, a complex conjunctival choristoma, macular hypoplasia, and optic nerve hypoplasia with contralateral optic atrophy. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a rare form of hemimegalencephaly characterized by hypoplasia of an optic radiation within the enlarged, dysgenetic cerebral hemisphere. Conclusion: The spectrum of oculocerebral dysgenesis in the linear nevus sebaceous syndrome can be expanded to include peripapillary staphyloma and atypical hemimegalencephaly with hypoplasia of an optic radiation.