TY - JOUR
T1 - Noninvasive Prenatal Genetic Testing
T2 - Current and Emerging Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues
AU - Minear, Mollie A.
AU - Alessi, Stephanie
AU - Allyse, Megan
AU - Michie, Marsha
AU - Chandrasekharan, Subhashini
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2015 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/8/24
Y1 - 2015/8/24
N2 - Noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) for chromosomal aneuploidy involving the analysis of cell-free fetal DNA became commercially available in 2011. The low false-positive rate of NIPT, which reduces unnecessary prenatal invasive diagnostic procedures, has led to broad clinician and patient adoption. We discuss the ethical, legal, and social issues raised by rapid and global dissemination of NIPT. The number of women using NIPT is anticipated to expand, and the number of conditions being tested for will continue to increase as well, raising concerns about the routinization of testing and negative impacts on informed decision making. Ensuring that accurate and balanced information is available to all pregnant women and that access to NIPT is equitable will require policy guidance from regulators, professional societies, and payers. Empirical evidence about stakeholders' perspectives and experiences will continue to be essential in guiding policy development so that advances in NIPT can be used effectively and appropriately to improve prenatal care.
AB - Noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) for chromosomal aneuploidy involving the analysis of cell-free fetal DNA became commercially available in 2011. The low false-positive rate of NIPT, which reduces unnecessary prenatal invasive diagnostic procedures, has led to broad clinician and patient adoption. We discuss the ethical, legal, and social issues raised by rapid and global dissemination of NIPT. The number of women using NIPT is anticipated to expand, and the number of conditions being tested for will continue to increase as well, raising concerns about the routinization of testing and negative impacts on informed decision making. Ensuring that accurate and balanced information is available to all pregnant women and that access to NIPT is equitable will require policy guidance from regulators, professional societies, and payers. Empirical evidence about stakeholders' perspectives and experiences will continue to be essential in guiding policy development so that advances in NIPT can be used effectively and appropriately to improve prenatal care.
KW - Disability and reproductive rights
KW - Fetal genome sequencing
KW - Genetic counseling
KW - Informed decision making
KW - Regulation and oversight
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U2 - 10.1146/annurev-genom-090314-050000
DO - 10.1146/annurev-genom-090314-050000
M3 - Article
C2 - 26322648
AN - SCOPUS:84940650752
SN - 1527-8204
VL - 16
SP - 369
EP - 398
JO - Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics
JF - Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics
ER -