@article{b2108c59f17048449f6a73e2e393260f,
title = "Mumps virus-specific immune response outcomes and sex-based differences in a cohort of healthy adolescents",
abstract = "Despite high levels of MMR-II usage in the US, mumps outbreaks continue to occur. Evidence suggests that mumps vaccine-induced humoral immunity wanes over time. Relatively few studies have examined cell-mediated immunity or reported on sex-based differences. To better understand sex-based differences in the immune response to mumps vaccine, we measured neutralizing antibody titers and mumps-specific cytokine/chemokine responses in a cohort of 748 adolescents and young adults after two doses of MMR vaccine. We observed significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers in females than in males (120.8 IU/mL, 98.7 IU/mL, p = 0.038) but significantly higher secretion levels of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IFNγ, and IL-1β in males compared to females. These data demonstrate that sex influences mumps-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune response outcomes, a phenomenon that should be considered during efforts to improve vaccines and prevent future outbreaks.",
keywords = "Cellular immunity, Chemokine, Cytokine, MMR vaccine, Mumps, Sex-based differences",
author = "Riggenbach, {Marguerite M.} and Haralambieva, {Iana H.} and Ovsyannikova, {Inna G.} and Schaid, {Daniel J.} and Poland, {Gregory A.} and Kennedy, {Richard B.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the children and adolescents who served as subjects in this study and their families. We are grateful to the Mayo Clinic Immunochemical core lab as well as Dr. Steven A. Rubin and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for their assistance in laboratory assays and analysis. Within the Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Ms. Caroline L. Vitse provided excellent editorial work. We thank Mrs. Diane E. Grill and Mr. Nathaniel D. Warner for their skilled statistical contributions. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01AI-127365 . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Funding Information: Dr. Poland offers consultative advice to Johnson & Johnson/Janssen Global Services LLC, and is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for novel investigational vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Poland also offers consultative advice on vaccine development to Merck & Co., Medicago, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi Pasteur, Emergent Biosolutions, Dynavax, Genentech, Eli Lilly and Company, Kentucky Bioprocessing, Bavarian Nordic, AstraZeneca, Exelixis, Regeneron, Janssen, Vyriad, Moderna, and Genevant Sciences, Inc. Drs. Poland and Ovsyannikova hold patents related to vaccinia and measles peptide vaccines. Drs. Kennedy, Poland, and Ovsyannikova hold a patent related to vaccinia peptide vaccines. Drs. Poland, Kennedy, and Ovsyannikova have received grant funding from ICW Ventures for preclinical studies on a peptide-based COVID-19 vaccine. Dr. Kennedy has received funding from Merck Research Laboratories to study waning immunity to mumps vaccine. These activities have been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and are conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies. This research has been reviewed by the Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest Review Board and was conducted in compliance with Mayo Clinic Conflict of Interest policies.We thank the children and adolescents who served as subjects in this study and their families. We are grateful to the Mayo Clinic Immunochemical core lab as well as Dr. Steven A. Rubin and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for their assistance in laboratory assays and analysis. Within the Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Ms. Caroline L. Vitse provided excellent editorial work. We thank Mrs. Diane E. Grill and Mr. Nathaniel D. Warner for their skilled statistical contributions. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01AI-127365. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2022",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.clim.2021.108912",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "234",
journal = "Clinical Immunology",
issn = "1521-6616",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
}