TY - JOUR
T1 - Mortality trends in rheumatoid arthritis
T2 - The role of rheumatoid factor
AU - Gonzalez, Angel
AU - Icen, Murat
AU - Kremers, Hilal Maradit
AU - Crowson, Cynthia S.
AU - Davis, John M.
AU - Therneau, Terry M.
AU - Roger, Veronique L.
AU - Gabriel, Sherine E.
PY - 2008/6
Y1 - 2008/6
N2 - Objective. We previously demonstrated a widening in the mortality gap between subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the general population. We examined the contribution of rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity on overall mortality trends and cause-specific mortality. Methods. A population-based RA incidence cohort (1955-1995, and aged ≥ 18 yrs) was followed longitudinally until death or January 1, 2006. The underlying cause of death as coded from national mortality statistics and grouped according to ICD-9/10 chapters was used to define cause-specific mortality. Expected cause-specific mortality rates were estimated by applying the age-, sex-, and calendar-year-specific mortality rates from the general population to the RA cohort. Poisson regression was used to model the observed overall and cause-specific mortality rates according to RF status, accounting for age, sex, disease duration, and calendar year. Results. A cohort of 603 subjects (73% female; mean age 58 yrs) with RA was followed for a mean of 16 years, during which 398 died. Estimated survival at 30 years after RA incidence was 26.0% in RF+ RA subjects compared to 36.0% expected (p < 0.001), while in RF- RA subjects, estimated survival was 29.1% compared to 28.3% expected (p = 0.9). The difference between the observed and the expected mortality in the RF+ RA subjects increased over time, resulting in a widening of the mortality gap, while among RF- RA subjects, observed mortality was very similar to the expected mortality over the entire time period. Among RF+ RA subjects, cause-specific mortality was higher than expected for cardiovascular [relative risk (RR) 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22, 1.83] and respiratory diseases [RR 3.49; 95% CI 2.51, 4.72]. Among RF- RA subjects, no significant differences were found between observed and expected cause-specific mortality. Conclusion. The widening in the mortality gap between RA subjects and the general population is confined to RF+ RA subjects and largely driven by cardiovascular and respiratory deaths.
AB - Objective. We previously demonstrated a widening in the mortality gap between subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the general population. We examined the contribution of rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity on overall mortality trends and cause-specific mortality. Methods. A population-based RA incidence cohort (1955-1995, and aged ≥ 18 yrs) was followed longitudinally until death or January 1, 2006. The underlying cause of death as coded from national mortality statistics and grouped according to ICD-9/10 chapters was used to define cause-specific mortality. Expected cause-specific mortality rates were estimated by applying the age-, sex-, and calendar-year-specific mortality rates from the general population to the RA cohort. Poisson regression was used to model the observed overall and cause-specific mortality rates according to RF status, accounting for age, sex, disease duration, and calendar year. Results. A cohort of 603 subjects (73% female; mean age 58 yrs) with RA was followed for a mean of 16 years, during which 398 died. Estimated survival at 30 years after RA incidence was 26.0% in RF+ RA subjects compared to 36.0% expected (p < 0.001), while in RF- RA subjects, estimated survival was 29.1% compared to 28.3% expected (p = 0.9). The difference between the observed and the expected mortality in the RF+ RA subjects increased over time, resulting in a widening of the mortality gap, while among RF- RA subjects, observed mortality was very similar to the expected mortality over the entire time period. Among RF+ RA subjects, cause-specific mortality was higher than expected for cardiovascular [relative risk (RR) 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22, 1.83] and respiratory diseases [RR 3.49; 95% CI 2.51, 4.72]. Among RF- RA subjects, no significant differences were found between observed and expected cause-specific mortality. Conclusion. The widening in the mortality gap between RA subjects and the general population is confined to RF+ RA subjects and largely driven by cardiovascular and respiratory deaths.
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Rheumatoid arthritis
KW - Rheumatoid factor
KW - Survival
KW - Trends
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=44949245113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=44949245113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 18412312
AN - SCOPUS:44949245113
SN - 0315-162X
VL - 35
SP - 1009
EP - 1014
JO - Journal of Rheumatology
JF - Journal of Rheumatology
IS - 6
ER -