TY - JOUR
T1 - Morphologic Types of Tricuspid Regurgitation
T2 - Characteristics and Prognostic Implications
AU - Prihadi, Edgard A.
AU - Delgado, Victoria
AU - Leon, Martin B.
AU - Enriquez-Sarano, Maurice
AU - Topilsky, Yan
AU - Bax, Jeroen J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American College of Cardiology Foundation
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is classified according to different morphologic types based on the underlying mechanisms: primary, secondary, and isolated TR. Primary TR is caused by an anatomical abnormality of the tricuspid valve apparatus. Secondary TR is caused by dilation of the tricuspid valve annulus, related to right ventricular (RV), or right atrial remodeling and increased RV pressures (often secondary to left-sided heart disease). Isolated TR can exist in patients without increased RV pressures and is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation. Two-dimensional echocardiography plays a pivotal role in the assessment of the etiology and severity of TR. Views from 3-dimensional techniques have significantly increased the understanding of the pathophysiology of each morphologic type of TR (leaflet damage, annular dilation, and distinct patterns of right-heart remodeling). The following review will describe the etiology, anatomical and functional characteristics, and outcomes of each morphologic type of TR, and furthermore addresses challenging pitfalls in the referral for tricuspid valve intervention.
AB - Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is classified according to different morphologic types based on the underlying mechanisms: primary, secondary, and isolated TR. Primary TR is caused by an anatomical abnormality of the tricuspid valve apparatus. Secondary TR is caused by dilation of the tricuspid valve annulus, related to right ventricular (RV), or right atrial remodeling and increased RV pressures (often secondary to left-sided heart disease). Isolated TR can exist in patients without increased RV pressures and is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation. Two-dimensional echocardiography plays a pivotal role in the assessment of the etiology and severity of TR. Views from 3-dimensional techniques have significantly increased the understanding of the pathophysiology of each morphologic type of TR (leaflet damage, annular dilation, and distinct patterns of right-heart remodeling). The following review will describe the etiology, anatomical and functional characteristics, and outcomes of each morphologic type of TR, and furthermore addresses challenging pitfalls in the referral for tricuspid valve intervention.
KW - echocardiography
KW - multidetector row computed tomography
KW - right ventricle
KW - tricuspid regurgitation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061975047&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85061975047&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.09.027
DO - 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.09.027
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30846123
AN - SCOPUS:85061975047
SN - 1936-878X
VL - 12
SP - 491
EP - 499
JO - JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
JF - JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
IS - 3
ER -