Molecular insights into severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pathobiology: Dissecting the interplay between cellular innate immunity and immune evasion

Dawid Maciorowski, Sara Mohama, Mohammed A. Alsawi, David J. Ilc, Yash Gupta, Samir El Idrissi, James P. Lodolce, Prakasha Kempaiah

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

In December 2019, outbreak of a novel coronavirus flared in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, China. The identified pathogen was an enveloped RNA betacoronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coro-navirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), because the continual spread of this deadly and highly infectious virus is a health emergency for all world nations. SARS-CoV-2 is associated with severe atypical pneumonia coronavirus disease–19. Typical symptoms of this disease include fever, mal-aise, cough, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, death. As the virus continues to invade host cells deep into alveoli, infection severity mostly depends on the undeterred immune response that is triggered by elevated levels of inflamma-tion-inducing cytokines, called a cytokine storm. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the viral life cycle and immunological responses associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)485-496
Number of pages12
JournalCritical reviews in immunology
Volume40
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 2020

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • Entry
  • IL-6
  • Inflammation
  • Replication
  • SARS-CoV-2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology

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