Modified radical hysterectomy in the treatment of early squamous cervical cancer

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of modified radical hysterectomy in the treatment of early cervical cancer. Material and Methods. A retrospective chart review of 56 patients with stage I (IA in 35, IB in 21) squamous cervical carcinoma treated with modified radical hysterectomy and followed for a minimum of 5 years (mean, 12 years; range, 5.1-29) was conducted. All pathology slides were reviewed for tumor size, grade, depth of invasion, and lymph-vascular permeation. Results. The mean depth of invasion was 0.5 cm (range, 0.1-2.5 cm), and the mean tumor size was 1.1 cm (range, 0.1-7 cm). Only 3 patients (5.4%) had positive nodes. None of the patients with tumors 2 cm or less in size had positive nodes, whereas 33.3% of the patients with tumors more than 2 cm in size had positive nodes. A recurrence developed in 2 patients (5-year recurrence rate of 3.6%). There were 10 deaths during the entire follow-up period, but only 2 were related to cervical cancer. The disease-specific and overall 5-year survival rates were 96.4 and 94.6%, respectively. The disease-specific 5-year survival rate was 100% among the 47 patients with tumors 2 cm or less and 75% for the 9 patients with tumors larger than 2 cm. Univariate analysis identified stage, lymph node status, and tumor size as statistically significant prognostic factors for overall survival. Tumor grade, lymph-vascular permeation, and depth of invasion (1-3 mm vs >3 mm) were not statistically significant for overall survival. Conclusions. Modified radical hysterectomy appears to be effective surgical therapy for patients with squamous cervical carcinoma 2 cm or less in size.