Macrophage-and neutrophil-derived TNF-α instructs skin Langerhans cells to prime antiviral immune responses

Olivier Epaulard, Lucille Adam, Candice Poux, Gerard Zurawski, Nina Salabert, Pierre Rosenbaum, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Sandra Zurawski, Anne Laure Flamar, Sangkon Oh, Gabrielle Romain, Catherine Chapon, Jacques Banchereau, Yves Lévy, Roger Le Grand, Frédéric Martinon

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dendritic cells are major APCs that can efficiently prime immune responses. However, the roles of skin-resident Langerhans cells (LCs) in eliciting immune responses have not been fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that LCs in cynomolgus macaque skin are capable of inducing antiviral-specific immune responses in vivo. Targeting HIV-Gag or influenza hemagglutinin Ags to skin LCs using recombinant fusion proteins of anti-Langerin Ab and Ags resulted in the induction of the viral Ag-specific responses. We further demonstrated that such Ag-specific immune responses elicited by skin LCs were greatly enhanced by TLR ligands, polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid, and R848. These enhancements were not due to the direct actions of TLR ligands on LCs, but mainly dependent on TNF-α secreted from macrophages and neutrophils recruited to local tissues. Skin LC activation and migration out of the epidermis are associated with macrophage and neutrophil infiltration into the tissues. More importantly, blocking TNF-α abrogated the activation and migration of skin LCs. This study highlights that the cross-talk between innate immune cells in local tissues is an important component for the establishment of adaptive immunity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2416-2426
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Immunology
Volume193
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 1 2014

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology

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