Kidney Microstructural Features at the Time of Donation Predict Long-term Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Living Kidney Donors

Massini A. Merzkani, Aleksandar Denic, Ramya Narasimhan, Camden L. Lopez, Joseph J. Larson, Walter K. Kremers, Harini A. Chakkera, Walter D. Park, Sandra J. Taler, Mark D. Stegall, Mariam P. Alexander, Naim Issa, Andrew D. Rule

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether microstructural features on a kidney biopsy specimen obtained during kidney transplant surgery predict long-term risk of chronic kidney disease in the donor. Patients and Methods: We studied kidney donors from May 1, 1999, through December 31, 2018, with a follow-up survey for the results of recent blood pressure and kidney function tests (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and proteinuria). If not recently available, blood pressure and eGFRs were requested from a local clinic. Microstructural features on kidney biopsy at the time of donation were assessed as predictors of hypertension and kidney function after adjusting for years of follow-up, baseline age, sex, and clinical predictors. Results: There were 807 donors surveyed a mean 10.5 years after donation. An eGFR less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 in 6.4% (43/673) of donors was predicted by larger glomerular volume per standard deviation (odds ratio [OR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.04) and nephron number below the age-specific 5th percentile (OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.31 to 8.72). An eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in 42.5% (286/673) of donors was not predicted by any microstructural feature. Residual eGFR (postdonation/predonation eGFR) was predicted by nephron number below the age-specific 5th percentile (difference, −6.07%; 95% CI, −10.24% to −1.89%). Self-reported proteinuria in 5.1% (40/786) of donors was predicted by larger glomerular volume (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.86). Incident hypertension in 18.8% (119/633) of donors was not predicted by any microstructural features. Conclusion: Low nephron number for age and larger glomeruli are important microstructural predictors for long-term risk of chronic kidney disease after living kidney donation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)40-51
Number of pages12
JournalMayo Clinic proceedings
Volume96
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2021

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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