TY - JOUR
T1 - Iron-sulfur cluster synthesis, iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in Friedreich ataxia
AU - Vaubel, Rachael A.
AU - Isaya, Grazia
N1 - Funding Information:
Work in the Authors' laboratory is supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging ( AG15709 ). RAV was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute ( F30 HL099036 ) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences ( T32 GM 65841 ). The Authors thank Dr. Luke Szweda (Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation) for helpful comments about the frataxin-aconitase interaction.
PY - 2013/7
Y1 - 2013/7
N2 - Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive, multi-systemic degenerative disease that results from reduced synthesis of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Frataxin has been intensely studied since its deficiency was linked to FRDA in 1996. The defining properties of frataxin - (i) the ability to bind iron, (ii) the ability to interact with, and donate iron to, other iron-binding proteins, and (iii) the ability to oligomerize, store iron and control iron redox chemistry - have been extensively characterized with different frataxin orthologs and their interacting protein partners. This very large body of biochemical and structural data [reviewed in (Bencze et al., 2006)] supports equally extensive biological evidence that frataxin is critical for mitochondrial iron metabolism and overall cellular iron homeostasis and antioxidant protection [reviewed in (Wilson, 2006)]. However, the precise biological role of frataxin remains a matter of debate. Here, we review seminal and recent data that strongly link frataxin to the synthesis of iron-sulfur cluster cofactors (ISC), as well as controversial data that nevertheless link frataxin to additional iron-related processes. Finally, we discuss how defects in ISC synthesis could be a major (although likely not unique) contributor to the pathophysiology of FRDA via (i) loss of ISC-dependent enzymes, (ii) mitochondrial and cellular iron dysregulation, and (iii) enhanced iron-mediated oxidative stress. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Mitochondrial function and dysfunction in neurodegeneration'.
AB - Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive, multi-systemic degenerative disease that results from reduced synthesis of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Frataxin has been intensely studied since its deficiency was linked to FRDA in 1996. The defining properties of frataxin - (i) the ability to bind iron, (ii) the ability to interact with, and donate iron to, other iron-binding proteins, and (iii) the ability to oligomerize, store iron and control iron redox chemistry - have been extensively characterized with different frataxin orthologs and their interacting protein partners. This very large body of biochemical and structural data [reviewed in (Bencze et al., 2006)] supports equally extensive biological evidence that frataxin is critical for mitochondrial iron metabolism and overall cellular iron homeostasis and antioxidant protection [reviewed in (Wilson, 2006)]. However, the precise biological role of frataxin remains a matter of debate. Here, we review seminal and recent data that strongly link frataxin to the synthesis of iron-sulfur cluster cofactors (ISC), as well as controversial data that nevertheless link frataxin to additional iron-related processes. Finally, we discuss how defects in ISC synthesis could be a major (although likely not unique) contributor to the pathophysiology of FRDA via (i) loss of ISC-dependent enzymes, (ii) mitochondrial and cellular iron dysregulation, and (iii) enhanced iron-mediated oxidative stress. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Mitochondrial function and dysfunction in neurodegeneration'.
KW - Anti-oxidants
KW - Frataxin
KW - Friedreich ataxia
KW - Heme
KW - Iron-chelators
KW - Iron-sulfur clusters
KW - Mitochondria
KW - Oxidative stress
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U2 - 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.08.003
DO - 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.08.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 22917739
AN - SCOPUS:84875582275
SN - 1044-7431
VL - 55
SP - 50
EP - 61
JO - Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
JF - Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
ER -