Abstract
BACKGROUND: Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to nicotine addiction and health problems including periodontal disease and oral cancer OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of behavioural and pharmacotherapeutic interventions to treat ST use. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register (February 2004), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 1, 2004), MEDLINE (January 1966-February 2004), EMBASE (1988-January 2004), CINAHL (1982-February 2004), PsycINFO (1984-February 2004), Database of Abstract of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE, The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2004). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials of behavioural or pharmacological interventions to help users of ST to quit, with follow-up of at least six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: One trial of bupropion did not detect a benefit of treatment after six months (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.00, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.23 to 4.37). Three trials of nicotine patch did not detect a benefit (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.54), nor did two trials of nicotine gum (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.63). There was statistical heterogeneity among the results of eight trials of behavioural interventions included in the meta-analysis. Three trials showed significant benefits of intervention. In a post-hoc analysis the trials of interventions which included an oral examination and feedback about ST-induced mucosal changes had homogeneous results and when pooled showed a significant benefit (OR 2.41 95% CI: 1.79 to 3.24). REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS: Behavioural interventions should be used to help ST users to quit. Pharmacotherapies have not been shown to affect long-term abstinence but larger trials are needed.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Journal | Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) |
| Issue number | 3 |
| State | Published - 2004 |
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Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation. / Ebbert, Jon Owen; Rowland, L. C.; Montori, Victor Manuel; Vickers, K. S.; Erwin, P. C.; Dale, L. C.; Stead, L. F.
In: Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online), No. 3, 2004.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation.
AU - Ebbert, Jon Owen
AU - Rowland, L. C.
AU - Montori, Victor Manuel
AU - Vickers, K. S.
AU - Erwin, P. C.
AU - Dale, L. C.
AU - Stead, L. F.
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - BACKGROUND: Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to nicotine addiction and health problems including periodontal disease and oral cancer OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of behavioural and pharmacotherapeutic interventions to treat ST use. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register (February 2004), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 1, 2004), MEDLINE (January 1966-February 2004), EMBASE (1988-January 2004), CINAHL (1982-February 2004), PsycINFO (1984-February 2004), Database of Abstract of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE, The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2004). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials of behavioural or pharmacological interventions to help users of ST to quit, with follow-up of at least six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: One trial of bupropion did not detect a benefit of treatment after six months (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.00, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.23 to 4.37). Three trials of nicotine patch did not detect a benefit (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.54), nor did two trials of nicotine gum (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.63). There was statistical heterogeneity among the results of eight trials of behavioural interventions included in the meta-analysis. Three trials showed significant benefits of intervention. In a post-hoc analysis the trials of interventions which included an oral examination and feedback about ST-induced mucosal changes had homogeneous results and when pooled showed a significant benefit (OR 2.41 95% CI: 1.79 to 3.24). REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS: Behavioural interventions should be used to help ST users to quit. Pharmacotherapies have not been shown to affect long-term abstinence but larger trials are needed.
AB - BACKGROUND: Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to nicotine addiction and health problems including periodontal disease and oral cancer OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of behavioural and pharmacotherapeutic interventions to treat ST use. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register (February 2004), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 1, 2004), MEDLINE (January 1966-February 2004), EMBASE (1988-January 2004), CINAHL (1982-February 2004), PsycINFO (1984-February 2004), Database of Abstract of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE, The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2004). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials of behavioural or pharmacological interventions to help users of ST to quit, with follow-up of at least six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: One trial of bupropion did not detect a benefit of treatment after six months (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.00, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.23 to 4.37). Three trials of nicotine patch did not detect a benefit (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.54), nor did two trials of nicotine gum (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.63). There was statistical heterogeneity among the results of eight trials of behavioural interventions included in the meta-analysis. Three trials showed significant benefits of intervention. In a post-hoc analysis the trials of interventions which included an oral examination and feedback about ST-induced mucosal changes had homogeneous results and when pooled showed a significant benefit (OR 2.41 95% CI: 1.79 to 3.24). REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS: Behavioural interventions should be used to help ST users to quit. Pharmacotherapies have not been shown to affect long-term abstinence but larger trials are needed.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=16544365801&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=16544365801&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 15266527
AN - SCOPUS:16544365801
JO - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
JF - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
SN - 1361-6137
IS - 3
ER -