TY - JOUR
T1 - Increasing pregnancy-related use of prescribed opioid analgesics
AU - Epstein, Richard A.
AU - Bobo, William V.
AU - Martin, Peter R.
AU - Morrow, James A.
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Chandrasekhar, Rameela
AU - Cooper, William O.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Epstein received financial support from Grant No. 5 K12HD043483. Dr. Bobo received financial support from Grant No. K23MH087747. The authors also wish to acknowledge the Bureau of TennCare and Tennessee Department of Health which provided study data. The work in this manuscript was presented at the BIRCWH Scholars Meeting and 7th Annual Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Symposium, Washington, D.C., November 2011, and at the 28th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology & Therapeutic Risk Management conference, Barcelona, Spain, August 2012.
PY - 2013/8
Y1 - 2013/8
N2 - Purpose: To quantify the prevalence of prescribed opioid analgesics among pregnant women enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid from 1995 to2009. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 277,555 pregnancies identified from birth and fetal death certificates, and linked to previously validated, computerized pharmacy records. Poisson regression was used to estimate trends over time, rate ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: During the study period, 29% of pregnant women filled a prescription for an opioid analgesic. From 1995 to 2009, any pregnancy-related use increased 1.90-fold (95% CI,1.83-1.98), first trimester use increased 2.27-fold (95% CI,2.14-2.41), and second or third trimester use increased 2.02-fold (95% CI,1.93-2.12), after adjusting for maternal characteristics. Any pregnancy-related, first trimester, and second or third trimester use were each more likely among mothers who were at least 21years old, white, non-Hispanic, prima gravid, resided in nonurban areas, enrolled in Medicaid owing to disability, and who had less than a high school education. Conclusions: Opioid analgesic use by Tennessee Medicaid-insured pregnant women increased nearly 2-fold from 1995 to 2009. Additional study is warranted to understand the implications of this increased use.
AB - Purpose: To quantify the prevalence of prescribed opioid analgesics among pregnant women enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid from 1995 to2009. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 277,555 pregnancies identified from birth and fetal death certificates, and linked to previously validated, computerized pharmacy records. Poisson regression was used to estimate trends over time, rate ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: During the study period, 29% of pregnant women filled a prescription for an opioid analgesic. From 1995 to 2009, any pregnancy-related use increased 1.90-fold (95% CI,1.83-1.98), first trimester use increased 2.27-fold (95% CI,2.14-2.41), and second or third trimester use increased 2.02-fold (95% CI,1.93-2.12), after adjusting for maternal characteristics. Any pregnancy-related, first trimester, and second or third trimester use were each more likely among mothers who were at least 21years old, white, non-Hispanic, prima gravid, resided in nonurban areas, enrolled in Medicaid owing to disability, and who had less than a high school education. Conclusions: Opioid analgesic use by Tennessee Medicaid-insured pregnant women increased nearly 2-fold from 1995 to 2009. Additional study is warranted to understand the implications of this increased use.
KW - Opioids
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Prescription
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84880710422&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84880710422&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.05.017
DO - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.05.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 23889859
AN - SCOPUS:84880710422
SN - 1047-2797
VL - 23
SP - 498
EP - 503
JO - Annals of Epidemiology
JF - Annals of Epidemiology
IS - 8
ER -