In vitro activity of plazomicin compared to amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin against multidrug-resistant aerobic gram-negative bacilli

Wim A. Fleischmann, Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance, Robin Patel

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

The worldwide spread of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales is a serious threat to public health. Here, we compared the MICs of plazomicin, amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin against 303 multinational multidrug-resistant Gramnegative bacilli. We followed Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines and applied CLSI breakpoints as well as those of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) for amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin and of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for plazomicin. Overall, the highest percentage of susceptible isolates (80.2%) was demonstrated for plazomicin, which had the lowest MIC50 (1 ≥g/ml) of the aminoglycosides studied. Of the 42 isolates resistant to plazomicin, 34 had MICs of 128 ≥g/ml, with 33 of the 34 having MICs of ≥128 ≥g/ml for amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Among the 42 blaNDM-positive isolates, 35.7% were plazomicin susceptible, with the percentage of isolates susceptible to amikacin being 38.1% or 35.7% when applying the CLSI or EUCAST breakpoint, respectively. The 20 blaOXA-48-like-positive isolates showed 50.0% susceptibility to plazomicin. Among 35 isolates with blaCTX-M as their only characterized resistance mechanism, 68.6% were plazomicin susceptible, while the percentage susceptible to amikacin was 74.3% or 62.9% when applying the CLSI or EUCAST breakpoint, respectively. Among the 117 blaKPC-positive isolates, 94.9% were susceptible to plazomicin, whereas when the CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints were applied, 43.6% and 25.6%, respectively, were susceptible to amikacin; 56.4% and 44.4%, respectively, were susceptible to gentamicin; and 5.1% and 4.3%, respectively, were susceptible to tobramycin.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere01711
JournalAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Volume64
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 27 2020

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial resistance
  • Enterobacterales
  • Plazomicin

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

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