Improved 3-year survival rates for glioblastoma multiforme are associated with trends in treatment: analysis of the national cancer database from 2004 to 2013

Jad Zreik, F. M. Moinuddin, Yagiz U. Yolcu, Mohammed Ali Alvi, Kaisorn L. Chaichana, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, Mohamad Bydon

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and aggressive malignancy associated with poor prognosis. Characteristics and treatment of long-term survivors are of particular interest in efforts to improve outcomes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine trends and prognostic factors for 3-year survival from a national database. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients diagnosed with cranial GBM from 2004 to 2013 and with 3-year follow-up. Trends in 3-year and overall survival, patient characteristics, tumor properties, and treatment modalities were examined. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to investigate the association of these factors with 3-year survival. Predictor importance analysis was conducted using a metric defined as Wald χ2 penalized by degrees of freedom. Results: A total of 88,919 GBM patients with 3-year follow-up were identified. Overall, 8757 (9.8%) patients survived ≥ 3 years. Three-year survival significantly improved from 8.0 to 10.5% (p < 0.001) from 2004 to 2013. Trimodal treatment administration also significantly increased from 38.7 to 55.9% (p < 0.001). During this span, patients increasingly presented as older (p = 0.040), without private insurance (p < 0.001), and with a higher comorbidity index (p < 0.001). On multivariable regression, factors such as trimodal treatment (p < 0.001), younger age (p < 0.001), and MGMT methylation (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased odds of 3-year survival. Predictor importance analysis indicated that MGMT methylation, age, and treatment modality were the most significant relative determinants of 3-year survival. Conclusion: These findings illustrate an improved 3-year survival rate for GBM patients from 2004 to 2013 with a concurrent increase in trimodal treatment administration despite more adverse patient presenting characteristics.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)69-79
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of neuro-oncology
Volume148
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - May 1 2020

Keywords

  • Glioblastoma multiforme
  • Long-term survival
  • MGMT
  • Prognosis
  • Treatment
  • Trends

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cancer Research

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