TY - JOUR
T1 - Importance of the vasculature in cyst formation after spinal cord injury
T2 - Laboratory investigation
AU - Rooney, Gemma E.
AU - Endo, Toshiki
AU - Ameenuddin, Syed
AU - Chen, Bingkun
AU - Vaishya, Sandeep
AU - Gross, Lou Ann
AU - Schiefer, Terry K.
AU - Currier, Bradford L.
AU - Spinner, Robert J.
AU - Yaszemski, Michael J.
AU - Windebank, Anthony J.
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Object. Glial scar and cystic formation greatly contribute to the inhibition of axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). Attempts to promote axonal regeneration are extremely challenging in this type of hostile environment. The objective of this study was to examine the surgical methods that may be used to assess the factors that influence the level of scar and cystic formation in SCI. Methods. In the first part of this study, a complete transection was performed at vertebral level T9-10 in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. The dura mater was either left open (control group) or was closed using sutures or hyaluronic acid. In the second part of the study, complete or subpial transection was performed, with the same dural closure technique applied to both groups. Histological analysis of longitudinal sections of the spinal cord was performed, and the percentage of scar and cyst formation was determined. Results. Dural closure using sutures resulted in significantly less glial scar formation (p = 0.0248), while incorporation of the subpial transection surgical technique was then shown to significantly decrease cyst formation (p < 0.0001). Conclusions. In this study, the authors demonstrated the importance of the vasculature in cyst formation after spinal cord trauma and confirmed the importance of dural closure in reducing glial scar formation.
AB - Object. Glial scar and cystic formation greatly contribute to the inhibition of axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). Attempts to promote axonal regeneration are extremely challenging in this type of hostile environment. The objective of this study was to examine the surgical methods that may be used to assess the factors that influence the level of scar and cystic formation in SCI. Methods. In the first part of this study, a complete transection was performed at vertebral level T9-10 in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. The dura mater was either left open (control group) or was closed using sutures or hyaluronic acid. In the second part of the study, complete or subpial transection was performed, with the same dural closure technique applied to both groups. Histological analysis of longitudinal sections of the spinal cord was performed, and the percentage of scar and cyst formation was determined. Results. Dural closure using sutures resulted in significantly less glial scar formation (p = 0.0248), while incorporation of the subpial transection surgical technique was then shown to significantly decrease cyst formation (p < 0.0001). Conclusions. In this study, the authors demonstrated the importance of the vasculature in cyst formation after spinal cord trauma and confirmed the importance of dural closure in reducing glial scar formation.
KW - Glial cell response to injury
KW - Traumatic spinal cord injury
KW - Vascular injury
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U2 - 10.3171/2009.4.SPINE08784
DO - 10.3171/2009.4.SPINE08784
M3 - Article
C2 - 19929340
AN - SCOPUS:70349639637
SN - 1547-5654
VL - 11
SP - 432
EP - 437
JO - Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine
JF - Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine
IS - 4
ER -