TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunoglobulin isotype compositions of ABO specific antibodies are dependent on the individual patient blood group and blood group specificity
T2 - Results from a healthy donor cohort
AU - Daga, Sunil
AU - Hussain, Shimon
AU - Krishnan, Nithya
AU - Lowe, David
AU - Braitch, Manjit
AU - Patel, Prashanth
AU - Bentall, Andrew
AU - Ball, Simon
AU - Mitchell, Daniel A.
AU - Higgins, Robert
AU - Skidmore, Ian
AU - Zehnder, Daniel
AU - Briggs, David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Antibodies specific for the blood group ABO system antigens are of clinical significance and immunological interest. Routine clinical methods typically employ direct or indirect haemagglutination methods to measure IgM and IgG, respectively. We have developed a simple, single tube method to quantify IgM, IgG, and IgA specific for A and B antigens in order to improve accuracy and reproducibility, and to investigate the relationships between ABO group antibody type, and antibody level. Plasma samples from 300 healthy blood donors were studied. Levels of IgM and IgG binding to reagent group A and B red cells were measure by agglutination (HA) and multi-colour flow cytometry (MC-FC). IgA was also measured by MC-FC. Our FC method was found to be significantly more reproducible than HA for the measurement of blood group A and B specific antibodies. We found statistically significant correlations between antibodies measured by GC-HA and MC-FC, but sufficient differences to indicate that these methods are not equivalent. By MC-FC, IgM, IgG and IgA levels and isotope profiles were found to be dependent on both the donor ABO type and the specificity of the antibody. This study demonstrated heterogeneity in the immunoglobulin class profiles of ABO-blood group specific antibodies within the healthy population. Differences in isotype profiles of ABO-blood group specific antibodies may indicate fundamental differences in the immune mechanisms that generate these antibodies. This is likely to be relevant to the clinical situations where management or diagnosis depend on ABO-specific antibody detection and measurement.
AB - Antibodies specific for the blood group ABO system antigens are of clinical significance and immunological interest. Routine clinical methods typically employ direct or indirect haemagglutination methods to measure IgM and IgG, respectively. We have developed a simple, single tube method to quantify IgM, IgG, and IgA specific for A and B antigens in order to improve accuracy and reproducibility, and to investigate the relationships between ABO group antibody type, and antibody level. Plasma samples from 300 healthy blood donors were studied. Levels of IgM and IgG binding to reagent group A and B red cells were measure by agglutination (HA) and multi-colour flow cytometry (MC-FC). IgA was also measured by MC-FC. Our FC method was found to be significantly more reproducible than HA for the measurement of blood group A and B specific antibodies. We found statistically significant correlations between antibodies measured by GC-HA and MC-FC, but sufficient differences to indicate that these methods are not equivalent. By MC-FC, IgM, IgG and IgA levels and isotope profiles were found to be dependent on both the donor ABO type and the specificity of the antibody. This study demonstrated heterogeneity in the immunoglobulin class profiles of ABO-blood group specific antibodies within the healthy population. Differences in isotype profiles of ABO-blood group specific antibodies may indicate fundamental differences in the immune mechanisms that generate these antibodies. This is likely to be relevant to the clinical situations where management or diagnosis depend on ABO-specific antibody detection and measurement.
KW - ABO antibodies
KW - Gel card haemagglutination
KW - Healthy donor cohort
KW - IgA
KW - Multiplex flow cytometry
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113053
DO - 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113053
M3 - Article
C2 - 33933472
AN - SCOPUS:85105335066
SN - 0022-1759
VL - 494
JO - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF - Journal of Immunological Methods
M1 - 113053
ER -