@article{c4696f85a91141d49d00179173ffb389,
title = "Imaging Markers of Vascular Brain Health: Quantification, Clinical Implications, and Future Directions",
abstract = "Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) manifests through a broad spectrum of mechanisms that negatively impact brain and cognitive health. Oftentimes, CVD changes (excluding acute stroke) are insufficiently considered in aging and dementia studies which can lead to an incomplete picture of the etiologies contributing to the burden of cognitive impairment. Our goal with this focused review is 3-fold. First, we provide a research update on the current magnetic resonance imaging methods that can measure CVD lesions as well as early CVD-related brain injury specifically related to small vessel disease. Second, we discuss the clinical implications and relevance of these CVD imaging markers for cognitive decline, incident dementia, and disease progression in Alzheimer disease, and Alzheimer-related dementias. Finally, we present our perspective on the outlook and challenges that remain in the field. With the increased research interest in this area, we believe that reliable CVD imaging biomarkers for aging and dementia studies are on the horizon.",
keywords = "Alzheimer disease, Biomarkers, Brain, Cerebrovascular disease, Cognition, Dementia",
author = "Prashanthi Vemuri and Charles Decarli and Marco Duering",
note = "Funding Information: Recently, the Mark Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (MarkVCID) consortium, supported by the National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke, an institute within the National Institutes of Health, was created to develop and validate methods to identify and longitudinally assess vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia ( https://markvcid.partners.org/ ). This consortium consists of 5 sites and a coordinating center that has developed a series of novel kits using various imaging tools, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid-based biomarkers to further refine methods developed for use in clinical trials specifically aimed at treatment of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. Although this study is still ongoing, near-future expectations for reliable, validated biomarkers of CVD are high. Funding Information: Dr Vemuri receives funding from National Institutes of Health (R01 NS097495, R01 AG056366). Dr Decarli receives funding from National Institutes of Health (P30 AG010129, R01 AG047827, R01 AG 031563, UH3 NS100608, U19 NS 120384). Dr Duering is an employee of MIAC AG, Basel, Switzerland. Funding Information: Dr Vemuri receives funding from National Institutes of Health (R01 NS097495, R01 AG056366). Dr Decarli receives funding from National Institutes of Health (P30 AG010129, R01 AG047827, R01 AG 031563, UH3 NS100608, U19 NS 120384). Dr Duering is an employee of MIAC AG, Basel, Switzerland. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 American Heart Association, Inc.",
year = "2022",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032611",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "53",
pages = "416--426",
journal = "Stroke",
issn = "0039-2499",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",
number = "2",
}