@article{819d5d07c881487f9fa4b5a6a3fe13d7,
title = "Human Gut-Derived Commensal Bacteria Suppress CNS Inflammatory and Demyelinating Disease",
abstract = "The human gut is colonized by a large number of microorganisms (∼1013 bacteria) that support various physiologic functions. A perturbation in the healthy gut microbiome might lead to the development of inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, gut commensals might provide promising therapeutic options for treating MS and other diseases. We report the identification of human gut-derived commensal bacteria, Prevotella histicola, which can suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II transgenic mouse model. P. histicola suppresses disease through the modulation of systemic immune responses. P. histicola challenge led to a decrease in pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells and an increase in the frequencies of CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, tolerogenic dendritic cells, and suppressive macrophages. Our study provides evidence that the administration of gut commensals may regulate a systemic immune response and may, therefore, have a possible role in treatment strategies for MS.",
keywords = "EAE, Prevotella histicola, demyelination, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, gut microbiome, human commensal, immunomodulation, inflammation, multiple sclerosis, regulatory T cells",
author = "Ashutosh Mangalam and Shahi, {Shailesh K.} and David Luckey and Melissa Karau and Eric Marietta and Ningling Luo and Choung, {Rok Seon} and Josephine Ju and Ramakrishna Sompallae and Katherine Gibson-Corley and Robin Patel and Moses Rodriguez and Chella David and Veena Taneja and Joseph Murray",
note = "Funding Information: A.M. receives research support from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (RG 5138A1/1T). S.K.S., D.L., M.K., N.L., R.S.C., J.J., R.S., K.G.-C., and C.D. report no disclosures. A.M., E.M., V.T., and J.M. have a patent issued for the technology used in this study. R.P. reports grants from BioFire, Check-Points, Curetis, 3M, Merck, Hutchison Biofilm Medical Solutions, Accelerate Diagnostics, Allergan, and The Medicines Company; consults to Curetis, Roche, Qvella, and Diaxonhit (with monies paid to Mayo Clinic); and has patents on Bordetella pertussis/parapertussis PCR, anti-biofilm substance, and a device/method for sonication (with royalties paid by Samsung to Mayo Clinic). R.P. serves on an Actelion data monitoring board. R.P. receives travel reimbursement and an editor's stipend from ASM and IDSA, and honoraria from the USMLE, Up-to-Date, and the Infectious Diseases Board Review Course. M.R. receives research support from NIH (GM092993, NS048357, and NS073684), NIH CTSA (RR024150 and TR000135), Novartis Pharmaceuticals, the European Regional Development Fund (FNUSA-ICRC CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0123), and the Applebaum, Hilton, Peterson, and McNeilus Foundations. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Author(s)",
year = "2017",
month = aug,
day = "8",
doi = "10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.031",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "20",
pages = "1269--1277",
journal = "Cell Reports",
issn = "2211-1247",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "6",
}