Human embryonic stem cells: International policy and regulation

Although human embryonic stem cells may have enormous potential for the treatment of degenerative diseases, their origins and derivation have raised unprecedented controversy in many societies. Many organisations, on both international and national levels, have responded with regulatory systems that seek to manage and supervise such work. These systems vary from voluntary professional guidelines and international treaties to government agencies and binding national legislation. This chapter briefly summarises the main controversies surrounding human embryonic stem cell research and the existing international mechanisms that address its conduct. We then offer a more detailed overview of the relevant regulatory structures of five nations — the US, the UK, China, India and South Korea — where research with human embryonic stem cells is commonly practiced. A review of the responsible state and professional bodies in each country is included, along with a brief discussion of any relevant legislation. Regulations relevant to the conduct of international collaboration with national research groups are included where possible.