TY - JOUR
T1 - High-velocity resistance training increases skeletal muscle peak power in older women
AU - Fielding, Roger A.
AU - LeBrasseur, Nathan K.
AU - Cuoco, Anthony
AU - Bean, Jonathan
AU - Mizer, Kelly
AU - Fiatarone Singh, Maria A.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - OBJECTIVES: Peak power declines more precipitously than strength with advancing age and is a reliable measure of impairment and a strong predictor of functional performance. We tested the hypothesis that a high-velocity resistance-training program (HI) would increase muscle power more than a traditional low-velocity resistance-training program (LO). DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: University-based human physiology laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty women with self-reported disability (aged 73 ± 1, body mass index 30.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2). INTERVENTION: We conducted a randomized trial comparing changes in skeletal muscle power and strength after 16 weeks of HI or LO. Training was performed three times per week, and subjects completed three sets (8-10 repetitions) of leg press (LP) and knee extension (KE) exercises at 70% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM). MEASUREMENTS: One-repetition maximum (1RM) and peak power for KE and LP. RESULTS: LP and KE relative training force and total work were similar between groups (P > .05). However, HI generated significantly higher power during training sessions than LO for LP (3.7-fold greater, P < .001) and KE (2.1-fold greater, P < .001). Although LP and KE 1RM muscle strength increased similarly in both groups as a result of the training (P < .001), LP peak power increased significantly more in HI than in LO (267 W vs 139 W, P < .001). Furthermore, HI resulted in a significantly greater improvement in LP power at 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% of the 1RM than did LO (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: HI improved 1RM strength similarly and was more effective in improving peak power than was traditional LO in older women. Improvements in lower extremity peak power may exert a greater influence on age-associated reductions in physical functioning than other exercise interventions.
AB - OBJECTIVES: Peak power declines more precipitously than strength with advancing age and is a reliable measure of impairment and a strong predictor of functional performance. We tested the hypothesis that a high-velocity resistance-training program (HI) would increase muscle power more than a traditional low-velocity resistance-training program (LO). DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: University-based human physiology laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty women with self-reported disability (aged 73 ± 1, body mass index 30.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2). INTERVENTION: We conducted a randomized trial comparing changes in skeletal muscle power and strength after 16 weeks of HI or LO. Training was performed three times per week, and subjects completed three sets (8-10 repetitions) of leg press (LP) and knee extension (KE) exercises at 70% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM). MEASUREMENTS: One-repetition maximum (1RM) and peak power for KE and LP. RESULTS: LP and KE relative training force and total work were similar between groups (P > .05). However, HI generated significantly higher power during training sessions than LO for LP (3.7-fold greater, P < .001) and KE (2.1-fold greater, P < .001). Although LP and KE 1RM muscle strength increased similarly in both groups as a result of the training (P < .001), LP peak power increased significantly more in HI than in LO (267 W vs 139 W, P < .001). Furthermore, HI resulted in a significantly greater improvement in LP power at 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% of the 1RM than did LO (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: HI improved 1RM strength similarly and was more effective in improving peak power than was traditional LO in older women. Improvements in lower extremity peak power may exert a greater influence on age-associated reductions in physical functioning than other exercise interventions.
KW - Aging
KW - Exercise
KW - Power training
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U2 - 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50159.x
DO - 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50159.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 11982665
AN - SCOPUS:0036213911
SN - 0002-8614
VL - 50
SP - 655
EP - 662
JO - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
IS - 4
ER -