High-density lipoproteins and their constituent, sphingosine-1-phosphate, directly protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo via the S1P3 lysophospholipid receptor

Gregor Theilmeier, Christoph Schmidt, Jörg Herrmann, Petra Keul, Michael Schäfers, Ilka Herrgott, Jan Mersmann, Jan Larmann, Sven Hermann, Jörg Stypmann, Otmar Schober, Reinhard Hildebrand, Rainer Schulz, Gerd Heusch, Michael Haude, Karin Von Wnuck Lipinski, Christine Herzog, Martina Schmitz, Raimund Erbel, Jerold ChunBodo Levkau

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

308 Scopus citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND - All treatments of acute myocardial infarction are aimed at rapid revascularization of the occluded vessel; however, no clinical strategies are currently available to protect the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury after restitution of blood flow. We hypothesized that some of the cholesterol transport-independent biological properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) implied in atheroprotection may also be beneficial in settings of acute myocardial reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS - In an in vivo mouse model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, we observed that HDL and its sphingolipid component, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), dramatically attenuated infarction size by ≈20% and 40%, respectively. The underlying mechanism was an inhibition of inflammatory neutrophil recruitment and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the infarcted area. In vitro, HDL and S1P potently suppressed leukocyte adhesion to activated endothelium under flow and protected rat neonatal cardiomyocytes against apoptosis. In vivo, HDL- and S1P-mediated cardioprotection was dependent on nitric oxide (NO) and the S1P3 lysophospholipid receptor, because it was abolished by pharmacological NO synthase inhibition and was completely absent in S1P3-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS - Our data demonstrate that HDL and its constituent, S1P, acutely protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo via an S1P3-mediated and NO-dependent pathway. A rapid therapeutic elevation of S1P-containing HDL plasma levels may be beneficial in patients at high risk of acute myocardial ischemia.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1403-1409
Number of pages7
JournalCirculation
Volume114
Issue number13
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2006

Keywords

  • Apoptosis
  • Endothelium
  • Inflammation
  • Lipoproteins
  • Microcirculation
  • Reperfusion
  • Sphingolipids

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Physiology (medical)

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