TY - JOUR
T1 - Hemodynamic Effects of Calcium Chloride Injection Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass
T2 - Response to Bolus Injection and Continuous Infusion
AU - Shapira, Nadiv
AU - Schaff, Hartzell V.
AU - White, Roger D.
AU - Pluth, James R.
PY - 1984
Y1 - 1984
N2 - To determine the hemodynamic effects of intravenous injection of calcium chloride, 26 patients were studied immediately after termination of extracorporeal circulation. Eighteen patients (Group A) had injection of a single bolus of CaCl2; in the other 8 patients (Group B), the bolus injection was followed by infusion of CaCl2 at a rate of 1.5 mg/kg/min for 10 minutes. Myocardial contractile element velocity (Vpm), aortic blood flow, electrocardiograms, and left ventricular, systemic arterial, pulmonary arterial, and left atrial pressures were recorded continuously. The baseline ionized calcium level after bypass was 3.6 ± 0.6 mg/100 ml (normal range, 3.9 to 4.5 mg/100 ml); this increased to 5.4 ± 0.5 mg/100 ml 1 minute after CaCl2 injection. The ionized calcium level was 4.7 ± 0.6 mg/100 ml 6 minutes after CaCl2 injection in Group A, and was 5.9 ± 0.2 mg/100 ml and 6.4 ± 0.2 mg/100 ml at 6 and 10 minutes, respectively, in Group B. There was significant early hemodynamic improvement after CaCl2 injection, including increases in Vpm (p < 0.001), cardiac index (p < 0.001), mean blood pressure (p < 0.01), and stroke volume index (p < 0.001). A similar pattern of hemodynamic response was observed in both groups. Approximately 1 minute after CaCl2 injection, cardiac index returned to control level, Vpm and mean blood pressure remained elevated, and heart rate declined (p < 0.01). Systemic vascular resistance gradually increased and was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in Group B at 3 minutes and in Group A at 6 minutes. We conclude that after cardiopulmonary bypass, injection of CaCl2 causes both immediate and sustained enhancement of myocardial performance and blood pressure. A transient elevation of cardiac index is followed by a gradual increase in systemic vascular resistance.
AB - To determine the hemodynamic effects of intravenous injection of calcium chloride, 26 patients were studied immediately after termination of extracorporeal circulation. Eighteen patients (Group A) had injection of a single bolus of CaCl2; in the other 8 patients (Group B), the bolus injection was followed by infusion of CaCl2 at a rate of 1.5 mg/kg/min for 10 minutes. Myocardial contractile element velocity (Vpm), aortic blood flow, electrocardiograms, and left ventricular, systemic arterial, pulmonary arterial, and left atrial pressures were recorded continuously. The baseline ionized calcium level after bypass was 3.6 ± 0.6 mg/100 ml (normal range, 3.9 to 4.5 mg/100 ml); this increased to 5.4 ± 0.5 mg/100 ml 1 minute after CaCl2 injection. The ionized calcium level was 4.7 ± 0.6 mg/100 ml 6 minutes after CaCl2 injection in Group A, and was 5.9 ± 0.2 mg/100 ml and 6.4 ± 0.2 mg/100 ml at 6 and 10 minutes, respectively, in Group B. There was significant early hemodynamic improvement after CaCl2 injection, including increases in Vpm (p < 0.001), cardiac index (p < 0.001), mean blood pressure (p < 0.01), and stroke volume index (p < 0.001). A similar pattern of hemodynamic response was observed in both groups. Approximately 1 minute after CaCl2 injection, cardiac index returned to control level, Vpm and mean blood pressure remained elevated, and heart rate declined (p < 0.01). Systemic vascular resistance gradually increased and was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in Group B at 3 minutes and in Group A at 6 minutes. We conclude that after cardiopulmonary bypass, injection of CaCl2 causes both immediate and sustained enhancement of myocardial performance and blood pressure. A transient elevation of cardiac index is followed by a gradual increase in systemic vascular resistance.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0021329661&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0021329661&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0003-4975(10)60300-1
DO - 10.1016/S0003-4975(10)60300-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 6696546
AN - SCOPUS:0021329661
SN - 0003-4975
VL - 37
SP - 133
EP - 140
JO - Annals of Thoracic Surgery
JF - Annals of Thoracic Surgery
IS - 2
ER -