Abstract
Proinflammatory consequences have been described for lysophosphatidylcholine, a lipid product of cellular injury, signaling via the G protein-coupled receptor G2A on myeloid and lymphoid inflammatory cells. This prompted the hypothesis that genetic deletion of G2A would limit intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. Surprisingly, G2A-/- mice exhibited significantly worsened colitis compared with wild-type mice, as demonstrated by disease activity, colon shortening, histology, and elevated IL-6 and IL-5 in colon tissues. Investigation of inflammatory cells recruited to inflamed G-/- colons showed significantly more TNF-α+ and Ly6ChiMHCII2 proinflammatory monocytes and eosinophils than in wild-type colons. Both monocytes and eosinophils were pathogenic as their depletion abolished the excess inflammation in G-/- mice. G-/- mice also had less IFN-γ in inflamed colon tissues than wild-type mice. Fewer CD4+ lymphocytes were recruited to inflamed G-/- colons, and fewer colonic lymphocytes produced IFN-γ upon ex vivo stimulation. Administration of IFN-γ to G-/- mice during dextran sodium sulfate exposure abolished the excess colitic inflammation and reduced colonic IL-5 and eosinophil numbers to levels seen in wild-type mice. Furthermore, IFN-γ reduced the numbers of TNF-α+ monocyte and enhanced their maturation from Ly6ChiMHCII2 to Ly6CintMHCII+. Taken together, the data suggest that G2A signaling serves to dampen intestinal inflammation via the production of IFN-γ, which, in turn, enhances monocyte maturation to a less inflammatory program and ultimately reduces eosinophil-induced injury of colonic tissues.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1425-1434 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Journal of Immunology |
Volume | 197 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 15 2016 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology