Functional anatomy and pathophysiologic principles in mitral regurgitation: Non-invasive assessment

Sylvestre Maréchaux, Jeffery E. Illman, James Huynh, Hector I. Michelena, Vuyisile T. Nkomo, Christophe Tribouilloy

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most prevalent cause of valvular heart disease (VHD) in western countries. In the Euro Heart Survey on VHD, MR was the second most common heart VHD requiring surgery. It is also the most common form of VHD in community and population-based studies from the United States. The categorization of MR based on causes and mechanisms is a major determinant of clinical outcome, of possible therapies for the MR and of the effectiveness of these therapies. Surgical mitral valve (MV) repair has been shown to improve survival in patients with severe primary MR compared with MV replacement. In addition, new percutaneous repair and replacement procedures have been recently developed. Hence, accurate understanding of the functional anatomy of the MV and the pathophysiologic principles underlying MR is needed to appropriately target valve lesions. Recent advances in cardiac imaging have allowed to deeply strengthen the knowledge of the function of the MV. The present review aims at describing the functional anatomy and pathophysiology of MR through different cardiac imaging modalities.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)289-304
Number of pages16
JournalProgress in Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume60
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2017

Keywords

  • Echocardiography
  • Mitral regurgitation
  • Mitral valve
  • Valvular heart disease

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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