Abstract
Objective To determine associations between fetal lung and liver herniation volumes measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mortality/need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in cases of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). A secondary objective was to compare prenatal MRI parameters with two-dimensional ultrasound lung measurements. Methods A retrospective review of medical records of all fetuses with isolated CDH evaluated between January 2004 and July 2012 was performed. The following MRI parameters were measured at 20-32 weeks: observed/expected total fetal lung volume (o/e-TLV), predicted pulmonary volume (PPV), percentage of liver herniated into the fetal thorax (%LH) and the liver/thoracic volume ratio (LiTR). These were compared with the ultrasound-determined lung-to-head ratio (LHR) and the observed/expected LHR (o/e-LHR) in the same cohort. The predictive value of MRI and ultrasound parameters for mortality and the need for ECMO was evaluated by univariate, multivariate and factor analysis and by receiver-operating characteristics curves. Results Eighty fetuses with isolated CDH were evaluated. Overall mortality was 18/80 (22.5%). Two newborns died a few hours after birth. ECMO was performed in 29/78 (37.2%) newborns, with a survival rate of 48.3% (14/29). The side of the diaphragmatic defect was not associated with mortality (P = 0.99) or the need for ECMO (P = 0.48). Good correlation was observed among o/e-TLV, PPV, LHR and o/e-LHR as well as between %LH and LiTR (r = 0.89; P < 0.01); however, fetal lung measurements and measures of liver herniation were not correlated (all P > 0.05). All parameters were statistically associated with mortality or the need for ECMO. The best combination of measurements to predict mortality was o/e-TLV and %LH, with 83% accuracy. Conclusion Mortality and the need for ECMO in neonates with isolated CDH can be best predicted using a combination of MRI o/e-TLV and %LH.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 662-669 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology |
Volume | 43 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 2014 |
Keywords
- congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- diaphragm hernia outcomes
- fetal lung volumes fetal ultrasound
- liver herniation
- lung-to-head ratio
- magnetic resonance imaging
- prenatal diagnosis
- prenatal predictors
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
- Reproductive Medicine
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
- Obstetrics and Gynecology