Evaluation of fever in the international traveler: Unwanted 'souvenir' can have many causes

As international travel becomes more common, primary care physicians will be increasingly involved in the treatment of patients who return home with febrile illnesses. The initial laboratory evaluation is critical. This approach to diagnosis involves taking a thorough history, asking specific questions about the patient's travel itinerary and activities, and giving a careful and complete physical examination. Malaria is the most common cause of febrile illness in travelers returning from endemic areas, and prompt evaluation is essential to initiating timely treatment. Various resources are available to assist in this evaluation.