TY - JOUR
T1 - Etiology of cirrhosis in the young
AU - Olave, Maria C.
AU - Gurung, Ananta
AU - Mistry, Pramod K.
AU - Kakar, Sanjay
AU - Yeh, Matthew
AU - Xu, Min
AU - Wu, Tsung Teh
AU - Torbenson, Michael
AU - Jain, Dhanpat
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2020/2
Y1 - 2020/2
N2 - The etiology and incidence of cirrhosis in adults has been well studied, however there is scant data in younger patients. The aim of this study was to determine causes of cirrhosis in patients ≤40 years old. In this multi-institutional retrospective study, pathology databases were searched for patients ≤40-year-old with a diagnosis of cirrhosis from 1995 to 2018. Clinical charts and pathology reports were reviewed to identify etiologies of cirrhosis in each case. The patients were divided into 4 age groups (<1, 1- < 5, 5- < 18, and 18–40 years old) for further analysis. We identified 594 patients (264 female, 330 male). Among <18-year-old patients, congenital cholestatic diseases and developmental disorders were the most common causes of cirrhosis (50.2%, 172/342). Metabolic and genetic diseases were also seen more commonly in this age group (16.6%, 57/342). In contrast, viral hepatitides were the most common cause of cirrhosis in 18–40-year-old patients (39.6%, 100/252) followed by autoimmune and fatty liver disease (22.2%, 56/252 and 15.07%, 38/252, respectively). Cryptogenic cirrhosis (overall 7.2%, 42/594) was seen in 3% (4/133), 1.4% (1/69), 10.7% (15/140) and 8.7% (22/252) of patients aged <1, 1- < 5, 5- < 18, and 18–40 years, respectively. Developmental and metabolic disorders are the most common causes of cirrhosis in children (<18), while viral hepatitides are leading causes in adolescents and young adults (18–40) similar to adults. The incidence of cryptogenic cirrhosis also varies depending on the age, being lowest in 1- < 5 year and highest in 5- < 18 year age group children.
AB - The etiology and incidence of cirrhosis in adults has been well studied, however there is scant data in younger patients. The aim of this study was to determine causes of cirrhosis in patients ≤40 years old. In this multi-institutional retrospective study, pathology databases were searched for patients ≤40-year-old with a diagnosis of cirrhosis from 1995 to 2018. Clinical charts and pathology reports were reviewed to identify etiologies of cirrhosis in each case. The patients were divided into 4 age groups (<1, 1- < 5, 5- < 18, and 18–40 years old) for further analysis. We identified 594 patients (264 female, 330 male). Among <18-year-old patients, congenital cholestatic diseases and developmental disorders were the most common causes of cirrhosis (50.2%, 172/342). Metabolic and genetic diseases were also seen more commonly in this age group (16.6%, 57/342). In contrast, viral hepatitides were the most common cause of cirrhosis in 18–40-year-old patients (39.6%, 100/252) followed by autoimmune and fatty liver disease (22.2%, 56/252 and 15.07%, 38/252, respectively). Cryptogenic cirrhosis (overall 7.2%, 42/594) was seen in 3% (4/133), 1.4% (1/69), 10.7% (15/140) and 8.7% (22/252) of patients aged <1, 1- < 5, 5- < 18, and 18–40 years, respectively. Developmental and metabolic disorders are the most common causes of cirrhosis in children (<18), while viral hepatitides are leading causes in adolescents and young adults (18–40) similar to adults. The incidence of cryptogenic cirrhosis also varies depending on the age, being lowest in 1- < 5 year and highest in 5- < 18 year age group children.
KW - Cirrhosis
KW - Cryptogenic Cirrhosis
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Etiology
KW - Young Adults
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079683722&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85079683722&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.humpath.2019.09.015
DO - 10.1016/j.humpath.2019.09.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 31698008
AN - SCOPUS:85079683722
SN - 0046-8177
VL - 96
SP - 96
EP - 103
JO - Human Pathology
JF - Human Pathology
ER -