TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of age and sex on aquaporin-4 autoimmunity
AU - Quek, Amy M.L.
AU - McKeon, Andrew
AU - Lennon, Vanda A.
AU - Mandrekar, Jayawant N.
AU - Iorio, Raffaele
AU - Jiao, Yujuan
AU - Costanzi, Chiara
AU - Weinshenker, Brian G.
AU - Wingerchuk, Dean M.
AU - Lucchinetti, Claudia F.
AU - Shuster, Elizabeth A.
AU - Pittock, Sean J.
PY - 2012/8
Y1 - 2012/8
N2 - Objective: To determine the sex and age distribution of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoimmunity using data derived from clinical service laboratory testing of 56 464 patient samples. Design : Observational analysis. Setting: Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology Laboratory. Patients: Between October 1, 2005, and January 4, 2011, 56 464 patients were tested for AQP4-IgG; 2960 (5.2%) patients were seropositive. Main Outcome Measure : Seropositivity for AQP4- IgG. Results: Patients seropositive for AQP4-IgG were older than seronegative patients (mean [SD] age, 46 [16] vs 42 [15] years, respectively; P < .001). More females than males were tested (37 662 vs 16 810, respectively; P < .001). Among 2743 seropositive patients, 146 (5.3%) were pediatric (aged ≤18 years) and 333 (12.1%) were elderly (aged ≥65 years). The sex distribution of seropositive patients was 2465 females and 306 males (absolute female:male ratio, 8.1:1; P < .001). After adjusting for the number of females tested, an excess of females persisted (adjusted female:male ratio, 3.6:1). Female predominance for AQP4-IgG was more striking in adults (absolute female:male ratio, 8.4:1; adjusted female:male ratio, 3.5:1) than in pediatric patients (absolute female: male ratio, 4.3:1; adjusted female:male ratio, 2.9:1) (P < .001). Elderly women were more likely to be seropositive than individuals in other age categories (13.1% vs 6.0%, respectively; P < .001). The proportion of AQP4- IgG-seropositive individuals (detection rate), defined by decade of age, increased exponentially in women after age 50 years. Conclusions: Seropositivity for AQP4-IgG occurs predominantly in females, particularly in individuals older than 18 years. Among seropositive patients, 1 in 6 is in the extremes of age. The detection rate of AQP4-IgG increased in women after age 50 years.
AB - Objective: To determine the sex and age distribution of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoimmunity using data derived from clinical service laboratory testing of 56 464 patient samples. Design : Observational analysis. Setting: Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology Laboratory. Patients: Between October 1, 2005, and January 4, 2011, 56 464 patients were tested for AQP4-IgG; 2960 (5.2%) patients were seropositive. Main Outcome Measure : Seropositivity for AQP4- IgG. Results: Patients seropositive for AQP4-IgG were older than seronegative patients (mean [SD] age, 46 [16] vs 42 [15] years, respectively; P < .001). More females than males were tested (37 662 vs 16 810, respectively; P < .001). Among 2743 seropositive patients, 146 (5.3%) were pediatric (aged ≤18 years) and 333 (12.1%) were elderly (aged ≥65 years). The sex distribution of seropositive patients was 2465 females and 306 males (absolute female:male ratio, 8.1:1; P < .001). After adjusting for the number of females tested, an excess of females persisted (adjusted female:male ratio, 3.6:1). Female predominance for AQP4-IgG was more striking in adults (absolute female:male ratio, 8.4:1; adjusted female:male ratio, 3.5:1) than in pediatric patients (absolute female: male ratio, 4.3:1; adjusted female:male ratio, 2.9:1) (P < .001). Elderly women were more likely to be seropositive than individuals in other age categories (13.1% vs 6.0%, respectively; P < .001). The proportion of AQP4- IgG-seropositive individuals (detection rate), defined by decade of age, increased exponentially in women after age 50 years. Conclusions: Seropositivity for AQP4-IgG occurs predominantly in females, particularly in individuals older than 18 years. Among seropositive patients, 1 in 6 is in the extremes of age. The detection rate of AQP4-IgG increased in women after age 50 years.
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U2 - 10.1001/archneurol.2012.249
DO - 10.1001/archneurol.2012.249
M3 - Article
C2 - 22507888
AN - SCOPUS:84865654895
SN - 0003-9942
VL - 69
SP - 1039
EP - 1043
JO - Archives of neurology
JF - Archives of neurology
IS - 8
ER -