TY - JOUR
T1 - Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders
AU - López-Chiriboga, A. Sebastian
AU - Flanagan, Eoin P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
PY - 2018/6/1
Y1 - 2018/6/1
N2 - The field of autoimmune neurology is evolving rapidly. The discovery of autoantibodies that target neural antigens has expanded swiftly in the last decade. Recognition of the clinical syndromes associated with autoimmune neurologic disorders, and our understanding of the pathophysiology, has progressed significantly. Radiographic, electrophysiological, and laboratory testing (particularly neural autoantibody testing) are fundamental in the diagnosis of autoimmune neurological disorders and in the exclusion of mimics. Furthermore, investigations may serve as a baseline from which objective assessment of improvement or detection of relapse can be made. These disorders can be associated with underlying neoplasms, and screening for malignancy is an essential component of the investigations. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of immunotherapy can improve neurologic function. The use of immunotherapy, however, can be associated with diverse side effects, and careful monitoring is crucial to prevent complications. Herein the authors address the diagnostic and treatment approach of autoimmune neurologic disorders, with particular focus on antibody-mediated neurologic autoimmunity.
AB - The field of autoimmune neurology is evolving rapidly. The discovery of autoantibodies that target neural antigens has expanded swiftly in the last decade. Recognition of the clinical syndromes associated with autoimmune neurologic disorders, and our understanding of the pathophysiology, has progressed significantly. Radiographic, electrophysiological, and laboratory testing (particularly neural autoantibody testing) are fundamental in the diagnosis of autoimmune neurological disorders and in the exclusion of mimics. Furthermore, investigations may serve as a baseline from which objective assessment of improvement or detection of relapse can be made. These disorders can be associated with underlying neoplasms, and screening for malignancy is an essential component of the investigations. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of immunotherapy can improve neurologic function. The use of immunotherapy, however, can be associated with diverse side effects, and careful monitoring is crucial to prevent complications. Herein the authors address the diagnostic and treatment approach of autoimmune neurologic disorders, with particular focus on antibody-mediated neurologic autoimmunity.
KW - autoimmune encephalitis
KW - autoimmune neurology
KW - immunosuppressive medications
KW - immunotherapy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050175885&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85050175885&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1055/s-0038-1660819
DO - 10.1055/s-0038-1660819
M3 - Article
C2 - 30011418
AN - SCOPUS:85050175885
SN - 0271-8235
VL - 38
SP - 392
EP - 402
JO - Seminars in Neurology
JF - Seminars in Neurology
IS - 3
ER -