Compensatory motion in the upper extremity after elbow arthrodesis

Ten healthy male subjects were asked to complete a series of tasks that represent normal elbow function. They were then fitted with a custom adjustable brace that simulated elbow arthrodesis at 50°, 70°, 90°, and 110° flexion and asked to repeat the tasks. The 3Space Isotrak system was used to measure shoulder motion; a triaxial wrist goniometer was used to measure wrist compensation; and all subjects were videotaped to qualitatively observe other compensatory motion. Unlike other joints, elbow arthrodesis at any angle results in a significant impairment, since the adjacent shoulder and wrist joints cannot compensate to allow completion of activities.