Comparison of methods to collect fecal samples for microbiome studies using whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing

Doratha A. Byrd, Rashmi Sinha, Kristi L. Hoffman, Jun Chen, Xing Hua, Jianxin Shi, Nicholas Chia, Joseph Petrosino, Emily Vogtmann

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Few previous studies have assessed stability and "gold-standard" concordance of fecal sample collection methods for whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing (WGSS), an increasingly popular method for studying the gut microbiome. We used WGSS data to investigate ambient temperature stability and putative gold-standard concordance of microbial profiles in fecal samples collected and stored using fecal occult blood test (FOBT) cards, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) tubes, 95% ethanol, or RNAlater. Among 15 Mayo Clinic employees, for each collection method, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to estimate stability of fecal microbial profiles after storage for 4 days at ambient temperature and concordance with immediately frozen, no-solution samples (i.e., the putative gold standard). ICCs were estimated for multiple metrics, including relative abundances of select phyla, species, KEGG k-genes (representing any coding sequence that had >70% identity and >70% query coverage with respect to a known KEGG ortholog), KEGG modules, and KEGG pathways; species and k-gene alpha diversity; and Bray-Curtis and Jaccard species beta diversity. ICCs for microbial profile stability were excellent (≥90%) for fecal samples collected via most of the collection methods, except those preserved in 95% ethanol. Concordance with the immediately frozen, no-solution samples varied for all collection methods, but the number of observed species and the beta diversity metrics tended to have higher concordance than other metrics. Our findings, taken together with previous studies and feasibility considerations, indicated that FOBT cards, FIT tubes, and RNAlater are acceptable choices for fecal sample collection methods in future WGSS studies.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere00827
JournalmSphere
Volume5
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2020

Keywords

  • FIT tubes
  • FOBT cards
  • Fecal sample collection method
  • Microbiome
  • Whole-genome shotgun sequencing

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology

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