Abstract
The past decade has seen a rise in the availability of breakthrough therapeutic strategies for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A tumor microenvironment in HCC is regulated by various immunotolerance mechanisms; therefore, therapeutic strategies aiming at disrupting tumor immune tolerance are becoming attractive curative options in HCC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated impressive effectiveness in HCC, including in sorafenib-unresponsive patients. Synergistic approaches with checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4) and antiangiogenic drugs are burgeoning as first-line treatment therapeutic modalities in HCC.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 136-141 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Seminars in liver disease |
Volume | 41 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 1 2021 |
Keywords
- anti-CTLA-4
- anti-PD-1
- checkpoint inhibitors
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- liver
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Hepatology