Clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic features of aortic wall dehiscence of porcine bioprosthetic valves: A cause of rapidly progressive mitral regurgitation and heart failure after bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement

Tasneem Z. Naqvi, Robert J. Siegel, Neil A. Buchbinder, Michael C. Fishbein

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

The aim of this study was to define the clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic correlates of commissural dehiscence of aortic wall from the stent post of the porcine bioprostheses in the mitral position. This form of valve degeneration was found in 5 of 23 explanted mitral bioprostheses. A thickened, separated aortic wall at multiple commissural sites along with other evidence of valve degeneration was identified in the three patients who had chronic congestive heart failure. A large dehiscence at a single commissural site with otherwise normal valve morphology was present in the two patients who had acute heart failure. Two dimensional/Doppler echocardiography showed a prolapsing or a flail anteriorly positioned leaflet and an eccentric posteriorly directed mitral regurgitation jet in all patients. These echocardiographic findings in patients with a porcine bioprosthetic mitral valve should suggest commissural dehiscence from the aortic wall as a possible mechanism of valve failure. Exclusive involvement of the porcine aortic bioprosthesis placed in the mitral position along with involvement of strut of the bioprosthesis facing the aortic root in all cases suggests excessive hemodynamic stress on the valve in the mitral position and in particular on the anteriorly placed strut as the potential cause of this form of valve degeneration.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)720-728
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of the American Society of Echocardiography
Volume11
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 1998

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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