TY - JOUR
T1 - Biomarkers in bipolar disorder
T2 - A positional paper from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Biomarkers Task Force
AU - Frey, Benicio N.
AU - Andreazza, Ana C.
AU - Houenou, Josselin
AU - Jamain, Stéphane
AU - Goldstein, Benjamin I.
AU - Frye, Mark A.
AU - Leboyer, Marion
AU - Berk, Michael
AU - Malhi, Gin S.
AU - Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos
AU - Taylor, Valerie H.
AU - Dodd, Seetal
AU - Frangou, Sophia
AU - Hall, Geoffrey B.
AU - Fernandes, Brisa S.
AU - Kauer-Sant'Anna, Marcia
AU - Yatham, Lakshmi N.
AU - Kapczinski, Flavio
AU - Young, L. Trevor
PY - 2013/4
Y1 - 2013/4
N2 - Although the etiology of bipolar disorder remains uncertain, multiple studies examining neuroimaging, peripheral markers and genetics have provided important insights into the pathophysiologic processes underlying bipolar disorder. Neuroimaging studies have consistently demonstrated loss of gray matter, as well as altered activation of subcortical, anterior temporal and ventral prefrontal regions in response to emotional stimuli in bipolar disorder. Genetics studies have identified several potential candidate genes associated with increased risk for developing bipolar disorder that involve circadian rhythm, neuronal development and calcium metabolism. Notably, several groups have found decreased levels of neurotrophic factors and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Together these findings provide the background for the identification of potential biomarkers for vulnerability, disease expression and to help understand the course of illness and treatment response. In other areas of medicine, validated biomarkers now inform clinical decision-making. Although the findings reviewed herein hold promise, further research involving large collaborative studies is needed to validate these potential biomarkers prior to employing them for clinical purposes. Therefore, in this positional paper from the ISBD-BIONET (biomarkers network from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders), we will discuss our view of biomarkers for these three areas: neuroimaging, peripheral measurements and genetics; and conclude the paper with our position for the next steps in the search for biomarkers for bipolar disorder.
AB - Although the etiology of bipolar disorder remains uncertain, multiple studies examining neuroimaging, peripheral markers and genetics have provided important insights into the pathophysiologic processes underlying bipolar disorder. Neuroimaging studies have consistently demonstrated loss of gray matter, as well as altered activation of subcortical, anterior temporal and ventral prefrontal regions in response to emotional stimuli in bipolar disorder. Genetics studies have identified several potential candidate genes associated with increased risk for developing bipolar disorder that involve circadian rhythm, neuronal development and calcium metabolism. Notably, several groups have found decreased levels of neurotrophic factors and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Together these findings provide the background for the identification of potential biomarkers for vulnerability, disease expression and to help understand the course of illness and treatment response. In other areas of medicine, validated biomarkers now inform clinical decision-making. Although the findings reviewed herein hold promise, further research involving large collaborative studies is needed to validate these potential biomarkers prior to employing them for clinical purposes. Therefore, in this positional paper from the ISBD-BIONET (biomarkers network from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders), we will discuss our view of biomarkers for these three areas: neuroimaging, peripheral measurements and genetics; and conclude the paper with our position for the next steps in the search for biomarkers for bipolar disorder.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Inflammation
KW - Neutrophins
KW - Oxidative stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84880530104&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84880530104&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/0004867413478217
DO - 10.1177/0004867413478217
M3 - Review article
C2 - 23411094
AN - SCOPUS:84880530104
SN - 0004-8674
VL - 47
SP - 321
EP - 332
JO - Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
JF - Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
IS - 4
ER -