Belatacept-based immunosuppression in de novo liver transplant recipients: 1-year experience from a phase II randomized study

G. B. Klintmalm, S. Feng, J. R. Lake, H. E. Vargas, T. Wekerle, S. Agnes, K. A. Brown, B. Nashan, L. Rostaing, S. Meadows-Shropshire, M. Agarwal, M. B. Harler, J. C. García-Valdecasas

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72 Scopus citations

Abstract

This exploratory phase II study evaluated the safety and efficacy of belatacept in de novo adult liver transplant recipients. Patients were randomized (N=260) to one of the following immunosuppressive regimens: (i) basiliximab+belatacept high dose [HD]+mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), (ii) belatacept HD+MMF, (iii) belatacept low dose [LD]+MMF, (iv) tacrolimus+MMF, or (v) tacrolimus alone. All received corticosteroids. Demographic characteristics were similar among groups. The proportion of patients who met the primary end point (composite of acute rejection, graft loss, death by month 6) was higher in the belatacept groups (42-48%) versus tacrolimus groups (15-38%), with the highest number of deaths and grafts losses in the belatacept LD group. By month 12, the proportion surviving with a functioning graft was higher with tacrolimus+MMF (93%) and lower with belatacept LD (67%) versus other groups (90%: basiliximab+belatacept HD; 83%: belatacept HD; 88%: tacrolimus). Mean calculated GFR was 15-34mL/min higher in belatacept-treated patients at 1 year. Two cases of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease and one case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy occurred in belatacept-treated patients. Follow-up beyond month 12 revealed an increase in death and graft loss in another belatacept group (belatacept HD), after which the study was terminated. This study reports results of an exploratory phase II trial in adult liver transplant recipients to evaluate belatacept compared with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression, concluding that a safe and effective belatacept regimen for use in liver transplant patients is not yet identified. See editorial by Knechtle and Adams on page 1717.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1817-1827
Number of pages11
JournalAmerican Journal of Transplantation
Volume14
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2014

Keywords

  • Clinical research/practice
  • immunosuppressant, calcineurin inhibitor: tacrolimus, glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
  • immunosuppressant, fusion proteins and monoclonal antibodies: belatacept
  • liver transplantation/hepatology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Transplantation
  • Pharmacology (medical)

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