Associations of self-reported allergic diseases and musculoskeletal problems in children: A US population–based study

Background Previous studies have found increased rates of musculoskeletal problems in adults with allergic disease, but whether this association holds true for children is unknown. Objective To investigate the association of bone, joint, and muscle problems in children with a history of allergic disease. Methods Data were obtained from the 2007 Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models accounting for the sampling design were used to evaluate associations of bone, joint, and muscle problems with allergic diseases, such as asthma, hay fever, food allergies, and eczema. Associations were summarized with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The survey included 91,642 individuals aged 0 to 17 years. Multivariable modeling found statistically significant associations between the number of allergic diseases and bone, joint, and muscle problems (1 allergic disease: adjusted OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.04–1.56; P = .02; 2 allergic diseases: adjusted OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.92–3.39; P < .001; 3 allergic diseases: adjusted OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.88–3.86; P < .001; and 4 allergic diseases: adjusted OR, 4.35; 95% CI, 2.46–7.69; P < .001). Severe eczema (but not mild eczema) was associated with bone, joint, and muscle problems (adjusted OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.64–4.81; P < .001) and with bone problems (adjusted OR, 6.08; 95% CI, 1.94–19.12; P = .002). Conclusion Self-reported allergic diseases in children were associated with bone, joint, and muscle problems, and associations strengthened with allergic disease severity and number of allergic diseases. Severe eczema may be associated with bone problems in children. Bone, joint, and muscle problems must be considered in children with severe allergic disease, and prospective studies are necessary to define this association.