@article{39218b57b0de41519b7af8d6453ef694,
title = "Association of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and cognitive impairment",
abstract = "Introduction: We investigated the association of the area deprivation index (ADI) with cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia in older adults (≥50 years old). ADI is a neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage measure assessed at the census block group level. Methods: The study included 4699 participants, initially without dementia, with available ADI values for 2015 and at least one study visit in 2008 through 2018. Using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models with age as the time scale, we assessed the odds for MCI and the risk for dementia, respectively. Results: In cognitively unimpaired (CU) adults at baseline, the risk for progression to dementia increased for every decile increase in the ADI state ranking (hazard ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (1.01–1.11), P =.01). Higher ADI values were associated with subtly faster cognitive decline. Discussion: In older CU adults, higher baseline neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation levels were associated with progression to dementia and slightly faster cognitive decline. Highlights: The study used area deprivation index, a composite freely available neighborhood deprivation measure. Higher levels of neighborhood deprivation were associated with greater mild cognitive impairment odds. Higher neighborhood deprivation levels were associated with higher dementia risk.",
keywords = "area deprivation index, dementia, mild cognitive impairment, neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage",
author = "Maria Vassilaki and Aakre, {Jeremiah A.} and Anna Castillo and Chamberlain, {Alanna M.} and Wilson, {Patrick M.} and Kremers, {Walter K.} and Mielke, {Michelle M.} and Geda, {Yonas E.} and Machulda, {Mary M.} and Alhurani, {Rabe E.} and Jonathan Graff-Radford and Prashanthi Vemuri and Lowe, {Val J.} and Jack, {Clifford R.} and Knopman, {David S.} and Petersen, {Ronald C.}",
note = "Funding Information: Maria Vassilaki has received research funding from F. Hoffmann‐La Roche Ltd and Biogen and consults for F. Hoffmann‐La Roche Ltd; she has received research funding from St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, International Clinical Research Center, Czech Republic/EU, and currently she receives research funding from NIH; she has equity ownership in Abbott Laboratories, Johnson and Johnson, Medtronic, AbbVie, and Amgen. Jeremiah A. Aakre reports no disclosures. Anna Castillo reports no disclosures. Alanna M. Chamberlain receives research funding from NIH, PCORI, and EpidStrategies for research in collaboration with Amgen, Inc. Patrick M. Wilson reports no disclosures. Walter K. Kremers receives research support from the NIH. Michelle M. Mielke has consulted for Brain Protection Company, LabCorp and Biogen, and receives research funding from the NIH/NIA. Yonas E. Geda receives funding from NIH and Roche, and previously served on Lundbeck Advisory Board. Mary M. Machulda receives NIH funding. Rabe E. Alhurani reports no disclosures. David S. Knopman serves on a Data Safety Monitoring Board for the DIAN study; is an investigator in clinical trials sponsored by Lilly Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, and the Alzheimer's Treatment and Research Institute at USC; and receives research support from the NIH. Jonathan Graff‐Radford receives support from the NIH and is an investigator in clinical trials sponsored by Esai and the Alzheimer's Treatment and Research Institute at USC. Prashanthi Vemuri receives NIH funding. Val J. Lowe serves on scientific advisory boards for Bayer Schering Pharma, Piramal Life Sciences, Merck Research, AVID Radiolpharmaceuticals and receives research support from GE Healthcare, Siemens Molecular Imaging, AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, and the NIH (NIA, NCI). Clifford R. Jack Jr. serves on an independent data monitoring board for Roche, has served as a speaker for Eisai, and consulted for Biogen, but he receives no personal compensation from any commercial entity. He receives research support from NIH, the GHR Foundation, and the Alexander Family Alzheimer's Disease Research Professorship of the Mayo Clinic. Ronald C. Petersen is a consultant for Roche, Inc., Biogen, Inc., Merck, Inc., Eisai, Inc., Genentech, Inc. and Nestle, Inc.; receives publishing royalties from (Oxford University Press, 2003), UpToDate, and receives research support from the National Institute of Health. Mild Cognitive Impairment Funding Information: The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (U01 AG006786, P30 AG062677, R01AG057708, R37 AG011378, R01 AG041851, R01 NS097495), the Alexander Family Alzheimer's Disease Research Professorship of the Mayo Clinic, the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, the Liston Award, the GHR, the Schuler Foundation, and was made possible by the Rochester Epidemiology Project (R01 AG034676). The funding sources had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. Funding Information: Area level deprivation measures, like the ADI, comprise geographic area‐based estimates of the socioeconomic deprivation of neighborhoods that integrate social determinants of health, such as indicators of poverty, education, housing, and employment. The ADI data are freely available for every neighborhood of the United States and Puerto Rico through the National Institutes of Health (NIH)–funded Neighborhood Atlas, and its use in aging research is strongly supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). ADI provides an opportunity to assess health disparities in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations that are included in the priority populations for health disparities research in aging, as suggested by the NIA Health Disparities Research Framework. 3 1 3,5 3 14 15,16 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 the Alzheimer's Association.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1002/alz.12702",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "19",
pages = "761--770",
journal = "Alzheimer's and Dementia",
issn = "1552-5260",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "3",
}