@article{ff28c598207e4ce8ba4a45f8e8f8ce7f,
title = "APOE interacts with age to modify rate of decline in cognitive and brain changes in Alzheimer's disease",
abstract = "Objective To determine (1) whether age-standardized cognitive declines and brain morphometric change differ between Young-Old patients with Alzheimer's disease (YOAD) and Very-Old patients with Alzheimer's disease (VOAD), and (2) whether the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype modifies these neuropsychological and morphometric changes. Methods Baseline and 12-month follow-up neuropsychological and morphometric measures were examined for healthy control subjects and patients with AD. The two AD groups were divided further into subgroups on the basis of the presence of at least one APOE ε4 allele. Results The YOAD group showed more severe deficits and steeper declines in cognition than the VOAD group. Moreover, the presence of an APOE ε4 allele had a more deleterious effect on the YOAD group than the VOAD group on cognition and brain structure both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Conclusions Results underscore the importance of integrating an individual's age and genetic susceptibility - and their interaction - when examining neuropsychological and neuroimaging changes in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.",
keywords = "APOE genotype, Alzheimer's disease, Cognition, Longitudinal, Magnetic resonance imaging, Morphometry",
author = "Chang, {Yu Ling} and Christine Fennema-Notestine and Dominic Holland and McEvoy, {Linda K.} and Stricker, {Nikki H.} and Salmon, {David P.} and Dale, {Anders M.} and Bondi, {Mark W.}",
note = "Funding Information: Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the ADNI database ( www.loni.ucla.edu/ADNI ). As such, the investigators within ADNI contributed to the design and implementation of ADNI and/or provided data, but did not participate in data analysis or writing of this manuscript. A complete listing of the ADNI investigators is available at http://www.loni.ucla.edu/ADNI/Data/ADNI_Authorship_List.pdf . We thank Alain Koyama, Michele Perry, Chris Pung, and Elaine Wu for downloading and preprocessing the ADNI MRI data. We also thank the ADNI participants. This research was supported by grants from the Taiwan National Science Council ( 99-2410-H-002-262-MY2 and 101-2628-H-002-003-MY3 ) and National Institute of Aging ( K24 AG026431 , R01 AG012674 , R01 AG05131 , R01 AG031224 , and K01AG029218 ). Data collection and sharing for this project was funded by the ADNI ( National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904 ). ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging , the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering , and through generous contributions from the following: Abbott; AstraZeneca AB; Bayer Schering Pharma AG; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Eisai Global Clinical Development; Elan Corporation; Genentech; GE Healthcare; GlaxoSmithKline; Innogenetics; Johnson and Johnson; Eli Lilly and Co.; Medpace, Inc.; Merck and Co., Inc.; Novartis AG; Pfizer Inc.; F. Hoffman-La Roche; Schering-Plough; Synarc, Inc.; and Wyeth; as well as nonprofit partners the Alzheimer's Association and Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation, with participation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Private-sector contributions to ADNI are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health ( www.fnih.org ). The grantee organization is the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, and the study is coordinated by the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study at the University of California at San Diego. ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for NeuroImaging at the University of California at Los Angeles. This research was also supported by National Institutes of Health grants P30 AG010129 and K01 AG030514 , and the Dana Foundation .",
year = "2014",
month = may,
doi = "10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.1763",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "10",
pages = "336--348",
journal = "Alzheimer's and Dementia",
issn = "1552-5260",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "3",
}