APOE and BCHE as modulators of cerebral amyloid deposition: A florbetapir PET genome-wide association study

V. K. Ramanan, S. L. Risacher, K. Nho, S. Kim, S. Swaminathan, L. Shen, T. M. Foroud, H. Hakonarson, M. J. Huentelman, P. S. Aisen, R. C. Petersen, R. C. Green, C. R. Jack, R. A. Koeppe, W. J. Jagust, M. W. Weiner, A. J. Saykin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

127 Scopus citations

Abstract

Deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the cerebral cortex is thought to be a pivotal event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis with a significant genetic contribution. Molecular imaging can provide an early noninvasive phenotype, but small samples have prohibited genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of cortical Aβ load until now. We employed florbetapir (18 F) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to assess brain Aβ levels in vivo for 555 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). More than six million common genetic variants were tested for association to quantitative global cortical Aβ load controlling for age, gender and diagnosis. Independent genome-wide significant associations were identified on chromosome 19 within APOE (apolipoprotein E) (rs429358, P=5.5 × 10 -14) and on chromosome 3 upstream of BCHE (butyrylcholinesterase) (rs509208, P=2.7 × 10 -8) in a region previously associated with serum BCHE activity. Together, these loci explained 15% of the variance in cortical Aβ levels in this sample (APOE 10.7%, BCHE 4.3%). Suggestive associations were identified within ITGA6, near EFNA5, EDIL3, ITGA1, PIK3R1, NFIB and ARID1B, and between NUAK1 and C12orf75. These results confirm the association of APOE with Aβ deposition and represent the largest known effect of BCHE on an AD-related phenotype. BCHE has been found in senile plaques and this new association of genetic variation at the BCHE locus with Aβ burden in humans may have implications for potential disease-modifying effects of BCHE-modulating agents in the AD spectrum.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)351-357
Number of pages7
JournalMolecular Psychiatry
Volume19
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2014

Keywords

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD)
  • Amyloid
  • Apolipoprotein E (APOE)
  • Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE)
  • Florbetapir (AV-45)
  • Genomewide association study (GWAS)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Psychiatry and Mental health
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology

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