Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in vasculitic peripheral neuropathy

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been reported to be specific serologic markers of systemic necrotizing vasculitis. We looked for ANCA in 166 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of peripheral neuropathy, wondering if ANCA might be helpful in diagnosing vasculitic neuropathy. ANCA were found in four of six patients with vasculitic neuropathy. However, false-positive results limited the diagnostic usefulness of ANCA in peripheral neuropathy.