TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of Transforming Growth Factor β and Other Cytokines in Autoimmune Exocrinopathy (Sjögren's Syndrome)
AU - Ogawa, Noriyoshi
AU - Dang, Howard
AU - Lazaridis, Konstantinos
AU - Mcguff, H. Stan
AU - Aufdemorte, Thomas B.
AU - Talal, Norman
PY - 1995/9
Y1 - 1995/9
N2 - Cytokines play a major role in tissue destruction caused by autoimmune dysregulation. In Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients, salivary glands are the target organs for autoimmune tissue damage. In the present study, reverse trancriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to look for cytokine mRNA expressed in SS salivary glands. Focus score was used to determine the severity of the lesions. Cytokine production in supematants of the salivary gland cell culture was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunohistochemical staining was used to identify the local presence of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA were expressed in moderate to severe SS salivary gland lesions. TGF-β mRNA was constitutively expressed in normal and SS salivary glands. In SS salivary gland cell cultures, IL-6 and IL-10 proteins were produced. TGF-β production was reduced in high focus score SS glands. Normal and minimally involved SS salivary gland ductal epithelium and acinar cells were found to produce TGF-β by immunostaining. In conclusion, an excess production of IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 and a reduced production of the immunosuppressive cytokine, TGF-β, may be responsible for the progression of the salivary gland lesion in SS. Specific immunotherapy can now be designed based on mechanisms to correct this cytokine imbalance and benefit patients with autoimmune diseases, such as SS.
AB - Cytokines play a major role in tissue destruction caused by autoimmune dysregulation. In Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients, salivary glands are the target organs for autoimmune tissue damage. In the present study, reverse trancriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to look for cytokine mRNA expressed in SS salivary glands. Focus score was used to determine the severity of the lesions. Cytokine production in supematants of the salivary gland cell culture was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunohistochemical staining was used to identify the local presence of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA were expressed in moderate to severe SS salivary gland lesions. TGF-β mRNA was constitutively expressed in normal and SS salivary glands. In SS salivary gland cell cultures, IL-6 and IL-10 proteins were produced. TGF-β production was reduced in high focus score SS glands. Normal and minimally involved SS salivary gland ductal epithelium and acinar cells were found to produce TGF-β by immunostaining. In conclusion, an excess production of IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 and a reduced production of the immunosuppressive cytokine, TGF-β, may be responsible for the progression of the salivary gland lesion in SS. Specific immunotherapy can now be designed based on mechanisms to correct this cytokine imbalance and benefit patients with autoimmune diseases, such as SS.
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U2 - 10.1089/jir.1995.15.759
DO - 10.1089/jir.1995.15.759
M3 - Article
C2 - 8536103
AN - SCOPUS:0029084962
SN - 1079-9907
VL - 15
SP - 759
EP - 767
JO - Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research
JF - Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research
IS - 9
ER -