TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of events associated with cell cycle arrest at g2 phase and cell death induced by cisplatin
AU - Sorenson, Christine M.
AU - Barry, Michael A.
AU - Eastman, Alan
N1 - Funding Information:
Received November 13, 1989; revised January 25, 1990; accepted February 2, 1990. Supported by Public Health Service grant CA-36039 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. C. M. Sorenson, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. M. A. Barry, A. Eastman, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH. Correspondence to: Alan Eastman, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03756.
PY - 1990/5/2
Y1 - 1990/5/2
N2 - DNA is the accepted target for cisplatin, but recent evidence has shed doubt on DNA synthesis as the critical process. L1210/0 cells incubated for 2 hours with cisplatin progress to the G2 phase of the cell cycle and are arrested there for several days. They then either progress in the cell cycle or die. In cells that eventually die, total transcription, polyadenylated [poly(A)+] RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis were markedly inhibited only after 48 hours. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels decreased after 3 days. Cell membrane integrity was lost after 4 days. These results demonstrate that cells can be lethally damaged, yet continue to undergo apparently normal metabolic activities for several days. In a previous study, DNA double-strand breaks were detected after 1 day. We now show that by 2 days, breaks are visible as fragmentation in the nucleosome spacer regions of chromatin. This type of damage is consistent with cell death occurring by the process of apoptosis. Cell shrinkage and morphology were also consistent with this type of cell death. The slow cell death reported here appears to occur at the G2/M transition and may involve events that normally occur at this stage of the cell cycle. These results demonstrate the importance of DNA degradation as an early and possibly essential step in cell death. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82: 749-755, 1990]
AB - DNA is the accepted target for cisplatin, but recent evidence has shed doubt on DNA synthesis as the critical process. L1210/0 cells incubated for 2 hours with cisplatin progress to the G2 phase of the cell cycle and are arrested there for several days. They then either progress in the cell cycle or die. In cells that eventually die, total transcription, polyadenylated [poly(A)+] RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis were markedly inhibited only after 48 hours. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels decreased after 3 days. Cell membrane integrity was lost after 4 days. These results demonstrate that cells can be lethally damaged, yet continue to undergo apparently normal metabolic activities for several days. In a previous study, DNA double-strand breaks were detected after 1 day. We now show that by 2 days, breaks are visible as fragmentation in the nucleosome spacer regions of chromatin. This type of damage is consistent with cell death occurring by the process of apoptosis. Cell shrinkage and morphology were also consistent with this type of cell death. The slow cell death reported here appears to occur at the G2/M transition and may involve events that normally occur at this stage of the cell cycle. These results demonstrate the importance of DNA degradation as an early and possibly essential step in cell death. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82: 749-755, 1990]
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U2 - 10.1093/jnci/82.9.749
DO - 10.1093/jnci/82.9.749
M3 - Article
C2 - 1691303
AN - SCOPUS:0025273308
SN - 0027-8874
VL - 82
SP - 749
EP - 755
JO - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
IS - 9
ER -