@article{427fd8fe381e4237895d65f73c22a4ce,
title = "Acute symptomatic seizures secondary to autoimmune encephalitis and autoimmune-associated epilepsy: Conceptual definitions",
abstract = "Seizures are a well-recognized and often prominent manifestation of autoimmune encephalitic syndromes. Progress in detection of pathogenic neural autoantibodies has led to increased awareness of autoimmune causes of seizures. Clinical studies of patients with these autoantibodies have improved our understanding of the seizure characteristics, treatments, and seizure prognosis in these disorders. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Autoimmunity and Inflammation Taskforce proposes conceptual definitions for two main diagnostic entities: (a) acute symptomatic seizures secondary to autoimmune encephalitis, and (b) autoimmune-associated epilepsy, the latter of which suggests an enduring predisposition to seizures. Such a distinction is relevant when discussing the pathophysiology, treatment, prognosis, and social consequences of these disorders. We discuss the role of biomarkers in the application of these conceptual definitions and illustrate their use in patients cared for by members of the task force.",
keywords = "autoimmune encephalitis, autoimmune epilepsy, classification, seizures",
author = "Claude Steriade and Jeffrey Britton and Dale, {Russell C.} and Avi Gadoth and Irani, {Sarosh R.} and Jenny Linnoila and Andrew McKeon and Shao, {Xiao Qiu} and Viviana Venegas and Bien, {Christian G.}",
note = "Funding Information: Claude Steriade has received honoraria from UCB, and receives NYU salary support for consulting work on behalf of the Epilepsy Study Consortium for SK Life Sciences, Engage, and Xenon. Claude Steriade receives research support from FACES (Finding A Cure for Epilepsy and Seizures) and the American Epilepsy Society. Jeffrey Britton has consulted for UCB and has conducted research without personal payment with GW Pharmaceuticals and Grifols. Sarosh Irani is supported by the Wellcome Trust (104079/Z/14/Z), the UCB‐Oxford University Alliance, BMA Research Grants‐Vera Down grant (2013) and Margaret Temple (2017), Epilepsy Research UK (P1201), and by the Fulbright UK‐US commission (MS‐SOCIETY research AWARD). The research was funded/supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC; The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health). Sarosh Irani is a coapplicant and receives royalties on patent application WO/210/046716 (UK patent no., PCT/GB2009/051441) entitled “Neurological Autoimmune Disorders.” The patent has been licensed to Euroimmun AG for the development of assays for LGI1 and other VGKC‐complex antibodies. Christian Bien obtained honoraria for speaking engagements from UCB (Monheim, Germany), Desitin (Hamburg, Germany), and Euroimmun (L{\"u}beck, Germany). He receives research support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Council, Bonn, Germany) and Gerd‐Altenhof‐Stiftung (Deutsches Stiftungs‐Zentrum, Essen, Germany). The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to report. We confirm that we have read the Journal's position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors. Epilepsia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy",
year = "2020",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/epi.16571",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "61",
pages = "1341--1351",
journal = "Epilepsia",
issn = "0013-9580",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "7",
}