TY - JOUR
T1 - A small molecule antagonist inhibits thyrotropin receptor antibody-induced orbital fibroblast functions involved in the pathogenesis of graves ophthalmopathy
AU - Turcu, Adina F.
AU - Kumar, Seema
AU - Neumann, Susanne
AU - Coenen, Michael
AU - Iyer, Seethalakshmi
AU - Chiriboga, Pamela
AU - Gershengorn, Marvin C.
AU - Bahn, Rebecca S.
PY - 2013/5
Y1 - 2013/5
N2 - Context: Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by increased adipogenesis and hyaluronan (HA) production by orbital fibroblasts. Circulating autoantibodies (thyroidstimulating antibodies [TSAbs]) directed at the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) on these cells stimulate or augment these cellular processes. A recently developed drug-like small molecule inverse agonist of TSHR, NCGC00229600, termed 1, binds to TSHR and blocks basal and stimulated signal transduction. Objective: The purpose of this article was to determine whether 1 might inhibit HA production and relevant signaling pathways in orbital fibroblasts cultured in the presence of monoclonal TSAbs or bovine TSH (bTSH). Design: Primary cultures of undifferentiated GO orbital fibroblasts (n = 13) were untreated or treated with a TSAb (M22 or MS-1) or bTSH in serum-free medium, with or without 1 or a TSHR neutral antagonist, NCGC00242595, termed 2, which does not inhibit basal signaling but does inhibit stimulated signaling. Main Outcome Measures: cAMP production, Akt phosphorylation (Ser473pAkt in media and immunoblotting for pAkt/total Akt), and HA production were analyzed. Results: Compound 1 inhibited basal cAMP, pAkt, and HA production and that stimulated by M22 in undifferentiated orbital fibroblasts. Inhibition of HA production was dose-dependent, with a half-maximal inhibitory dose of 830 nM. This compound also inhibited MS-1- and bTSH-stimulated cAMP, pAkt, and HA production. Compound 2 did not inhibit basal HA production but did inhibit M22-stimulated HA production. Conclusions: Because cAMP, pAkt, and HA production are fibroblast functions that are activated via TSHR signaling and are important in the pathogenesis of GO, small molecule TSHR antagonists may prove to be effective in the treatment or prevention of the disease in the future.
AB - Context: Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by increased adipogenesis and hyaluronan (HA) production by orbital fibroblasts. Circulating autoantibodies (thyroidstimulating antibodies [TSAbs]) directed at the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) on these cells stimulate or augment these cellular processes. A recently developed drug-like small molecule inverse agonist of TSHR, NCGC00229600, termed 1, binds to TSHR and blocks basal and stimulated signal transduction. Objective: The purpose of this article was to determine whether 1 might inhibit HA production and relevant signaling pathways in orbital fibroblasts cultured in the presence of monoclonal TSAbs or bovine TSH (bTSH). Design: Primary cultures of undifferentiated GO orbital fibroblasts (n = 13) were untreated or treated with a TSAb (M22 or MS-1) or bTSH in serum-free medium, with or without 1 or a TSHR neutral antagonist, NCGC00242595, termed 2, which does not inhibit basal signaling but does inhibit stimulated signaling. Main Outcome Measures: cAMP production, Akt phosphorylation (Ser473pAkt in media and immunoblotting for pAkt/total Akt), and HA production were analyzed. Results: Compound 1 inhibited basal cAMP, pAkt, and HA production and that stimulated by M22 in undifferentiated orbital fibroblasts. Inhibition of HA production was dose-dependent, with a half-maximal inhibitory dose of 830 nM. This compound also inhibited MS-1- and bTSH-stimulated cAMP, pAkt, and HA production. Compound 2 did not inhibit basal HA production but did inhibit M22-stimulated HA production. Conclusions: Because cAMP, pAkt, and HA production are fibroblast functions that are activated via TSHR signaling and are important in the pathogenesis of GO, small molecule TSHR antagonists may prove to be effective in the treatment or prevention of the disease in the future.
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U2 - 10.1210/jc.2013-1149
DO - 10.1210/jc.2013-1149
M3 - Article
C2 - 23482611
AN - SCOPUS:84877709693
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 98
SP - 2153
EP - 2159
JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 5
ER -