TY - JOUR
T1 - A Chronically Implantable Neural Coprocessor for Investigating the Treatment of Neurological Disorders
AU - Stanslaski, Scott
AU - Herron, Jeffrey
AU - Chouinard, Tom
AU - Bourget, Duane
AU - Isaacson, Ben
AU - Kremen, Vaclav
AU - Opri, Enrico
AU - Drew, William
AU - Brinkmann, Benjamin H.
AU - Gunduz, Aysegul
AU - Adamski, Tom
AU - Worrell, Gregory A.
AU - Denison, Timothy
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received July 13, 2018; revised October 2, 2018; accepted October 26, 2018. Date of publication November 7, 2018; date of current version December 31, 2018. This work was supported in part by the Mayo Clinic Discovery Translation Grant, in part by the National Institutes of Health under Grants R01 NS092882-03 and UH2/UH3-NS95495, and in part by the institutional resources for research by Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor R. Genov. (Corresponding author: Scott Stanslaski.) S. Stanslaski, J. Herron, T. Chouinard, D. Bourget, B. Isaacson, W. Drew, and T. Adamski are with the Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN 55432 USA (e-mail:, stanss1@medtronic.com; jeffrey.a.herron@medtronic.com; tom.l.chouinard@ medtronic.com; duane.bourget@medtronic.com; benjamin.p.isaacson@medtro nic.com; william.drew@medtronic.com; tom.adamski@medtronic.com).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2007-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2018/12
Y1 - 2018/12
N2 - Developing new tools to better understand disorders of the nervous system, with a goal to more effectively treat them, is an active area of bioelectronic medicine research. Future tools must be flexible and configurable, given the evolving understanding of both neuromodulation mechanisms and how to configure a system for optimal clinical outcomes. We describe a system, the Summit RC+S 'neural coprocessor,' that attempts to bring the capability and flexibility of a microprocessor to a prosthesis embedded within the nervous system. This paper describes the updated system architecture for the Summit RC+S system, the five custom integrated circuits required for bi-directional neural interfacing, the supporting firmware/software ecosystem, and the verification and validation activities to prepare for human implantation. Emphasis is placed on design changes motivated by experience with the CE-marked Activa PC+S research tool; specifically, enhancement of sense-stim performance for improved bi-directional communication to the nervous system, implementation of rechargeable technology to extend device longevity, and application of MICS-band telemetry for algorithm development and data management. The technology was validated in a chronic treatment paradigm for canines with naturally occurring epilepsy, including free ambulation in the home environment, which represents a typical use case for future human protocols.
AB - Developing new tools to better understand disorders of the nervous system, with a goal to more effectively treat them, is an active area of bioelectronic medicine research. Future tools must be flexible and configurable, given the evolving understanding of both neuromodulation mechanisms and how to configure a system for optimal clinical outcomes. We describe a system, the Summit RC+S 'neural coprocessor,' that attempts to bring the capability and flexibility of a microprocessor to a prosthesis embedded within the nervous system. This paper describes the updated system architecture for the Summit RC+S system, the five custom integrated circuits required for bi-directional neural interfacing, the supporting firmware/software ecosystem, and the verification and validation activities to prepare for human implantation. Emphasis is placed on design changes motivated by experience with the CE-marked Activa PC+S research tool; specifically, enhancement of sense-stim performance for improved bi-directional communication to the nervous system, implementation of rechargeable technology to extend device longevity, and application of MICS-band telemetry for algorithm development and data management. The technology was validated in a chronic treatment paradigm for canines with naturally occurring epilepsy, including free ambulation in the home environment, which represents a typical use case for future human protocols.
KW - CMOS circuit
KW - Neural interface
KW - embedded DSP
KW - implantable system
KW - low noise low power amplifier
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U2 - 10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2880148
DO - 10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2880148
M3 - Article
C2 - 30418885
AN - SCOPUS:85056304164
SN - 1932-4545
VL - 12
SP - 1230
EP - 1245
JO - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
IS - 6
M1 - 8526301
ER -